If you have room in your load calculations for a NEMA 14-50, you can install an HPWC configured for a 50A circuit. The two are equivalent. You must go by the maximum current for which the HPWC is installer-configured, NOT the setting of the car.
That said, I have heard the occasional report of inspectors failing installations of HPWC's at lower currents because they're confused about the multiple-current nameplates. Their argument is that the device is rated for 100A circuit, therefore it must be installed on a 100A circuit. They are neglecting that there are multiple nameplate ratings for the HPWC.
This is the same as many new portable hot tubs - these hot tubs come with installer-configurable settings of 40A, 50A, and 60A. The difference is that these hot tub manufacturers have a multi-current nameplate.