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Electric planes

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Question about flying car/drone operations. How do they integrate into national air traffic control? I would think they would want to operate in area close to airports and other restricted air space, so what's the operating procedures? For example, 405 freeway in So. Cal. goes right through landing approaches of SNA, LGB, and LAX. How does a flying car handle that if it follows the 405 corridor?

I don't think the promoters have thought of that yet. Presumably they'd be subject to the same rules as either helicopters or those ultra-light planes that don't require a pilot's license. Of course, the people promoting them know that the whole thing is a scam to raise money (if you're a small company) or a publicity stunt (if you're a big company) and neither of them really expects to actually sell one any time in the next twenty years.

Note that they always paint a future where everybody has a "flying car" but they always show pictures of just one flying above the congested traffic. If even 1% of people in a city had them, the air space over the city would be total chaos. On the ground people drive on streets with intersections controlled by traffic lights and stop signs. In the air there are no streets or stop signs.
 
I don't think the promoters have thought of that yet. Presumably they'd be subject to the same rules as either helicopters or those ultra-light planes that don't require a pilot's license. Of course, the people promoting them know that the whole thing is a scam to raise money (if you're a small company) or a publicity stunt (if you're a big company) and neither of them really expects to actually sell one any time in the next twenty years.

Note that they always paint a future where everybody has a "flying car" but they always show pictures of just one flying above the congested traffic. If even 1% of people in a city had them, the air space over the city would be total chaos. On the ground people drive on streets with intersections controlled by traffic lights and stop signs. In the air there are no streets or stop signs.

The drones taxi companies are really thinking about short trips that avoid congestion, like crossing a river.
 
The drones taxi companies are really thinking about short trips that avoid congestion, like crossing a river.
But in order to make business sense, the manufacturer will need to sell sufficient units, and the operators will need to operate high number of flights. Given the small number of people a UAM/drone can transport at any given time, I got to think we'll end up with a very congested space even if it's just a short hop.
 
The drones taxi companies are really thinking about short trips that avoid congestion, like crossing a river.

How does it help people if they take a drone across a river and leave their car behind? Sure, there will be isolated places where your destination is just on the other side, but those will be few and far between. And with the cost of drones and their low capacity, it will still be very expensive to use them.

We will definitely have drone taxis. They will be for the very rich, as helicopters are now. Maybe a little bit cheaper, but not much.

But in order to make business sense, the manufacturer will need to sell sufficient units, and the operators will need to operate high number of flights. Given the small number of people a UAM/drone can transport at any given time, I got to think we'll end up with a very congested space even if it's just a short hop.

Yep. You either have a very low-volume business model, which is expensive because there are so few customers, or you have a high-volume model, which means air-space congestion. Passenger drones are merely an evolution of the helicopter, maybe a little less expensive, but not by much. Congestion is dealt with today by the fact that helicopters have trained, licensed pilots and are directed by Air Traffic Control, the same as fixed-wing aircraft. And by the fact that they are too expensive for ordinary people to own or use them.

The same will apply to drones: Congestion will be limited by the fact that very few people will be able to afford to own or use them, and they'll have to obey Air Traffic Control, which will mean they'll have to have a trained, licensed pilot or an automated system capable of following commands from Air Traffic Control. Such an automated system does not yet exist, though it might be possible in the future.

Another thought about drones: A plane that loses power can glide and try to find a place to land. A helicopter that loses power can auto-rotate and try to find a place to land. A drone that loses power falls like a rock.
 
auto rotate - tiny drones, no not enough weight. Heavy drones person, batteries, electric drone - 500 lbs?? I suspect auto rotate fine.
If I really cared I'd google for more info - we already have single passenger drones and prototypes of 4-6 passenger.
Air space is 3D so a lot of space - speeds what ?? 60mph

enough of my rambling - I'll wait and see - anyone care to research?

reminder: Sandy Munto already made autonomous plane 2008 - California to Michigan 3 planes flew politicians round trip.
 
auto rotate - tiny drones, no not enough weight. Heavy drones person, batteries, electric drone - 500 lbs?? I suspect auto rotate fine.

It's not the weight, which in fact works against you. It's the physics of the rotor system: A helicopter has very long rotor blades which can provide some lift at relatively slower speed. A drone has much smaller propellers which must turn extremely fast to generate lift. The result is that, no, a drone will not autorotate. A drone will fall like a rock if it loses power. And since they're intended for short-range use over cities, when a drone falls out of the sky it's nearly certain to cause significant damage.

The fact that the sky is 3D cannot come close to making up for the fact that there are no traffic lanes, stoplights, or any other aids to keep drones from colliding with each other.

But that's okay, because they'll still be too expensive for any but the very rich. Heck, in the 1960's people were saying we'd all have flying cars by the 1980's. Drones are real. "Drones for everybody" is a fantasy.
 
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It's not the weight, which in fact works against you. It's the physics of the rotor system: A helicopter has very long rotor blades which can provide some lift at relatively slower speed. A drone has much smaller propellers which must turn extremely fast to generate lift. The result is that, no, a drone will not autorotate.

It's much simpler than that. In order to autorotate, the helicopter pilot sets the pitch of the blades negative so that the air passing through them provides energy to keep them rotating.

Drones have fixed pitch blades. If the motors aren't turning the blades, they just stop. Practically immediately. They have as low rotational inertia as possible, because drones have no control surfaces, so they maneuver by changing the speed of the rotors, and the lighter they are the quicker that happens.
 
It's much simpler than that. In order to autorotate, the helicopter pilot sets the pitch of the blades negative so that the air passing through them provides energy to keep them rotating.

Drones have fixed pitch blades. If the motors aren't turning the blades, they just stop. Practically immediately. They have as low rotational inertia as possible, because drones have no control surfaces, so they maneuver by changing the speed of the rotors, and the lighter they are the quicker that happens.

And this is why I always wonder how FAA will ever certify passenger drones or any drone that has high kinetic energy. Parachute? Giant airbags like those use on Mars landers?
 
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And this is why I always wonder how FAA will ever certify passenger drones or any drone that has high kinetic energy. Parachute? Giant airbags like those use on Mars landers?

I love the mental image of passenger drones that inflate huge Mars-lander-style air bags when they lose power, coming down and bouncing around the city. :)
 
Was that animation or real? If it was real, then I am super impressed with its maneuverability

That's all for real. It is a very smart design that is incredible simple for what it can achieve. Unfortunately they got slowed down a bit by internal turmoil apparently, with CEO's coming and going. Zero visible progress for the past year.

Here is a video where they explain how this all works, with excellent questions from the interviewer:

 
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Are the companies going to offer a park and ride service? Drive your car to the port then fly to the city. Then offer bus rides to your work place because the place where these things land is 7 miles from your work
Well I suppose that's how it works today doesn't it? Tecnam is offering an electric aircraft that fits within the current regional airport infrastructure, there is nothing wrong with that.

The eVTOL marketspace will materialize many years later, if it ever does.

The regulatory approval, community acceptance, and business model of eVTOLS sounds like a done deal to many participants but I suspect there is still a long road ahead, with a few billion dollar casualties along the way.
 
We have VTOLs today. They're called helicopters. There's no reason the same regulations that work for helicopters would not work for other kinds of VTOLs. In the vanishingly-unlikely event that they become cheap enough to become significantly more common than helicopters are now, it will create problems for air traffic control. But not because they're electric. Just because there are more of them.

By the same token, electric airplanes don't change the business model for airlines. I took a floatplane from Seattle to San Juan Island. The airline operating the floatplane also sold me a seat on a shuttle from the airport to the lake the plane takes off from. If they switch to electric floatplanes they'll still sell seats on the shuttle.
 
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