In terms of how close Tesla came to bankruptcy in or about late February 2013, here is the story as I understand it. The US Department of Energy had, in its credit facility with Tesla, mandated a minimum cash level to be held by Tesla. I think it was $150 million.
The DoE contacted Tesla and said that it would have to announce that it was not in compliance with the terms of the credit facility. Tesla understood immediately the catastrophic implications if this were allowed to happen. The media would have picked up this shortfall something to the tune of “Tesla defaults on its loan.”
If that had happened, many of Tesla’s deposit holders would likely have asked for their deposits back. The whole thing would have snowballed, probably in not much more than 24 hours. For all intents and purposes, Tesla would have been bankrupt immediately.
So what happened? In a stroke of genius, Tesla’s management immediately contacted the requisite DoE officials, before the DoE sent out the notice to the media. It managed to persuade the DoE to hold off on any such announcement of Tesla having fallen short of the credit facility’s covenants, until Tesla could report the cash balance at the end of its quarter.
Elon demanded that Tesla show a profit for the quarter. Even if it were only a single dollar, that would be enough. 100% of the company’s focus was going to be on delivering cars by March 31. The last delivery was made only minutes before Midnight.
During that time, Tesla worked night and day to deliver the requisite number of cars, in order to show a profit. I forget the precise numbers, but it would have taken something like 4,500 or 4,700 cars. Tesla delivered something around 4,900 -- a couple hundred more. A profit of something like $11 million was shown, when the company reported earnings.
And what an earnings report it was! The stock basically doubled within days. At that point, Tesla could immediately turn around, raise new money, and as a result refinance the DoE loan. Mortal crisis averted.
And the rest is, as they say, history. Until now, anyway.