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Model 3 Battery Details

apacheguy

S Sig #255
Oct 21, 2012
5,071
1,238
So Cal
> render from the first responder's guide

This does not actually show any cables to be cut (to quickly disconnect battery). If the rear seat is lifted up there are 2 orange cables on the driver's side that might accomplish this but can First Responders actually do this?
--

A first responder would never be trained to cut HV cables. Too dangerous.
 

R.S

Active Member
Mar 8, 2015
1,196
1,004
Munich, Bavaria, Germany
From the EPA docs it's about 78kWh. Which is a pretty insignificant difference vs. 75kWh.



I... seriously? Just... I'm not even going to touch this one. Sure, nothing meaningful has change with batteries in the past five years during an unprecedented massive surge of research and investment on the topic - let's go with that.

3) Sorry my computer says no server found, could you try to post it again maybe the site where the pdf is?

Trying again.



Historically, it has been. This has been changing with the sort of rapid scaleup exemplified by the Gigafactory development, which has been allowing to take NCA (normally expensive due to high capital costs) and get its price down.

Here's the main issue, however. Cobalt costs five times more than nickel. Nickel in turn costs 2,5 times what aluminum costs. And the oxygen fraction of the cathode is practically free. Unless your increase in energy density involves only a tiny amount of a more expensive material for a major increase in energy density, energy density is not your cost constraint. Your cost constraint is either:

1) Capital costs (the former greatest constraint)
2) Raw materials costs (increasingly the current greatest constraint)

E.g.: If you have a cathode with a non-oxygen fraction that's 15% cobalt, 80% nickel, and 5% aluminum, and you find that you can improve the energy density by going to, say, a 45% cobalt, 30% nickel, 5% aluminum mix, you literally have to double the cathode energy density in order to justify the expense. Those sorts of changes just aren't going to happen. Hence the improvements push in the opposite direction: minimizing the cobalt. We ended up at NCA (which has turned out to be a great chemistry) specifically because companies have stopped putting their research focus on high-cobalt chemistries, because they're going to inherently be unaffordable. And eventually the push is increasingly going to have to be cutting the nickel fraction down as well.

You see the same thing when you look at research into alternate chemistries to li-ion, looking to the time when lithium becomes a growing fraction of battery costs (as well as trying to find a way to plate out metal without suffering from safety / longevity issues like lithium is prone to). What sort of chemistries are they mainly looking at? Almost exclusively cheap ions - sodium for other monovalent chemistries, magnesium, calcium, etc for multivalent chemistries. It's not about "what packs the most energy density in", it's about "what can we get for cheap". E.g., beryllium for example would be awesome in a wide variety of roles in batteries, but nobody's going to use it because it costs an utter fortune.

1) It has 80.5 according to [Spoiler Alert + Mild Speculation] Tesla has created a monster! . And that's almost 9% more than what was claimed before. Which means it has 18.2 Wh per cell, which compared to the 12.4 Wh of the 18650 in a S/X, means it has a bit more energy per volume.

2) Arguments? Arguments? I know the feeling, they are sometimes hard to find...

3)Thanks!

And thankfully they also prove my point. Anode materials, for example. They claim Graphite is more energy dense than LTO and cheaper. So more energy density doesn't mean the material needs to be more expensive.

But even better, take a look at the Anode materials. And here I want to quote you again:

Hence the improvements push in the opposite direction: minimizing the cobalt. We ended up at NCA (which has turned out to be a great chemistry) specifically because companies have stopped putting their research focus on high-cobalt chemistries, because they're going to inherently be unaffordable. And eventually the push is increasingly going to have to be cutting the nickel fraction down as well.

The paper clearly says NCA is more expensive than LFP, LMO, LCO and like NMC it's cost is categorized as "High". Now take a look at any new EV, what do they use? Mostly NCA and NMC. LFP which would be much cheaper just has a too low energy density to compete when we look at the $/kWh cell cost.

But since the paper heavily focuses on silicon based batteries, here is the last gem:
"The main impact however comes from the higher energy density explaining a significantly lower cost of silicon based batteries compared top NMC. "
They even admit that the cost of the anode will be higher with the silicon alloy, compared to graphene, but the energy density offsets those extra costs.

Maybe not too many fundamental principles have changed since 2012 after all...
 
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scaesare

Well-Known Member
Mar 14, 2013
8,187
12,928
NoVA
1) Funny then that the M3's pack at least (the only thing that we have actual specs on to compare) appears to have a lower energy density than MS and MX's.

I believe that there's some question as to if that's because of the amount of stuff integrated in to the pack of the Model 3, that are separate on the S/X:

- Chargers
- HV junction box
- DC-DC converter
- HV controller (I suspect this is part of DC-DC on Model S)
- Fuse block for HV systems
- Several additional connectors (3 phase in, charge port, LV DC, 2nd drive unit)
- Wiring for all of the above

Having removed a single 40A charger from my Model S, I can tell you that the charger alone is HEAVY (likely optimized for model 3, but likely not light). Add the rest of the above items together, and you have a not-inconsequential amount of mass contributing to the overall pack bottom line for weight, and thus affecting the pack energy density.

I'd honestly be surprised if cell energy density was lesser for the new 2170's...
 
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scaesare

Well-Known Member
Mar 14, 2013
8,187
12,928
NoVA
A first responder would never be trained to cut HV cables. Too dangerous.

The responder's guide show's the cut loops. One is under frunk lid near driver's side firewall and can be cut with snips. The other is under the passenger-rear window, and responders are directed to cut through that sheet metal area switch a saw or power shears (jaws of life, etc).

These are low voltage loops that form part of the high-voltage interlock loop that de-energize the contactors in the pack if interrupted.
 
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apacheguy

S Sig #255
Oct 21, 2012
5,071
1,238
So Cal
The responder's guide show's the cut loops. One is under frunk lid near driver's side firewall and can be cut with snips. The other is under the passenger-rear window, and responders are directed to cut through that sheet metal area switch a saw or power shears (jaws of life, etc).

These are low voltage loops that form part of the high-voltage interlock loop that de-energize the contactors in the pack if interrupted.

Right, I'm aware of the first responder interlock loop. I was specifically referring to HV cables.
 

Trips

"Boring bonehead questions are not cool. Next?"
Sep 22, 2015
1,214
1,402
Omaha, NE
Will the Model 3 battery be able to charge to 90% in 7 minutes? Watching the Semi and Roadster release last night I think they said the 200kWh battery will charge to 90% in 30 minutes with a Megacharger. Please correct me if I am wrong as the stream was not working very well. Would that mean that the tiny 50kWh battery in the Model 3 will charge in 7 to 10 minutes? I also found it interesting that they can fit a 200kWh battery + 3 motors + storage in a roadster.
 
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Zaphod

Galaxy President (former)
Dec 10, 2015
2,160
1,957
Austin, TX
Will the Model 3 battery be able to charge to 90% in 7 minutes? Watching the Semi and Roadster release last night I think they said the 200mWh battery will charge to 90% in 30 minutes with a Megacharger. Please correct me if I am wrong as the stream was not working very well. Would that mean that the tiny 50mWh battery in the Model 3 will charge in 7 to 10 minutes? I also found it interesting that they can fit a 200mWh battery + 3 motors + storage in a roadster.
Think you are getting your units messed up. 200kWh, not 200mWh. Bolded and italicized for emphasis.
 

R.S

Active Member
Mar 8, 2015
1,196
1,004
Munich, Bavaria, Germany
Will the Model 3 battery be able to charge to 90% in 7 minutes? Watching the Semi and Roadster release last night I think they said the 200kWh battery will charge to 90% in 30 minutes with a Megacharger. Please correct me if I am wrong as the stream was not working very well. Would that mean that the tiny 50kWh battery in the Model 3 will charge in 7 to 10 minutes? I also found it interesting that they can fit a 200kWh battery + 3 motors + storage in a roadster.

Charge rate stays constant, if you change the pack size. A smaller pack will get to a certain percentage as quickly as a bigger pack, assuming you have enough power.

So I'm rather sure that maybe 90% in 30 minutes will come, too, but not 7 minutes.

Edit: I double checked and 400 miles is just 80% of 500 miles, so 80% in 30 minutes. That would still be better than the current Model 3 stats though.
 

MP3Mike

Well-Known Member
Feb 1, 2016
14,978
31,851
Oregon
Will the Model 3 battery be able to charge to 90% in 7 minutes? Watching the Semi and Roadster release last night I think they said the 200kWh battery will charge to 90% in 30 minutes with a Megacharger. Please correct me if I am wrong as the stream was not working very well. Would that mean that the tiny 50kWh battery in the Model 3 will charge in 7 to 10 minutes? I also found it interesting that they can fit a 200kWh battery + 3 motors + storage in a roadster.

Did I miss something? I didn't hear anything about how fast the Roadster would charge at all. And certainly nothing about it being able to use a Megacharger.

On the other hand they said the Tesla Semi could use a Megacharger to add 400 miles of range (80%) in 30 minutes. Which would be a charge rate of almost 1.6Mw. (or 1600kW) That is more than 12 times faster than the current 135kW Superchargers.
 

Model 3

Active Member
Jul 13, 2014
2,133
1,301
Norway
Watching the Semi and Roadster release last night I think they said the 200kWh battery will charge to 90% in 30 minutes with a Megacharger.
Are you sure about this? I did notice that they did say this for the Semi, but I can't recall that they said anything about charging for the Roadster. I think the Megachargers are an Semi only charger, or may be for the Semi's and other big rigs or buses.

But I do think there is an upgraded Supercharger waiting to be announced with something like 180-200kW charging. That will be able to charge the Roadster from 0-80% in about an hour, and will match what Tesla told EPA that the Model 3 battery will be able to charge.
 
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KarenRei

ᴉǝɹuǝɹɐʞ
Jul 18, 2017
9,619
103,828
Iceland
Model 3 LR is max 525A. It's only going to do that at very low SoCs. So you might get 180kW. About a third of a charge in your first 10 minutes.
 

sigmo32

Member
May 18, 2016
38
60
PA, USA
Model 3 LR is max 525A. It's only going to do that at very low SoCs. So you might get 180kW. About a third of a charge in your first 10 minutes.
That would be pretty great - 100 miles in 10 minutes is enough to go a few days of regular driving (for the urban chargers).

We're definitely getting the LR battery as we have ~240 range in our Model S right now, and run a little short of our destinations in the winter. We'd also like to be able to go a long drive and come part way back on one charge, which the LR will allow us to do.

Oh, the trips we would take with the new Roadster's range :)
 

ElecFan

Member
Sep 25, 2017
861
699
Netherlands
The Roadster has a 200 kWh battery while it seems in size about a model 3. I faintly remember Elon stating that he couldn't get a 100 kWh battery in a model 3. Then how they get the 200 kWh battery in the Roadster?
 

Cosmacelf

Well-Known Member
Mar 6, 2013
8,264
19,529
San Diego
The Roadster has a 200 kWh battery while it seems in size about a model 3. I faintly remember Elon stating that he couldn't get a 100 kWh battery in a model 3. Then how they get the 200 kWh battery in the Roadster?

People are thinking Tesla has two stacks of batteries in the Roadster. Also, we don’t know how much if any of a trunk space it has.
 

Zoomit

Active Member
Sep 1, 2015
2,172
4,055
SoCal
OK, but more lately we have EPA numbers. 27kWh/100 miles and total range of 310 miles. That's 83.7kWh capacity minimum.
Naw, the 27kWh/100mi figure is wall-to-wheel and includes charging losses with typical AC Level 2 charging. It’s useful for predicting charging costs but not battery capacity.
 
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