From the EPA docs it's about 78kWh. Which is a pretty insignificant difference vs. 75kWh.
I... seriously? Just... I'm not even going to touch this one. Sure, nothing meaningful has change with batteries in the past five years during an unprecedented massive surge of research and investment on the topic - let's go with that.
3) Sorry my computer says no server found, could you try to post it again maybe the site where the pdf is?
Trying again.
Historically, it has been. This has been changing with the sort of rapid scaleup exemplified by the Gigafactory development, which has been allowing to take NCA (normally expensive due to high capital costs) and get its price down.
Here's the main issue, however. Cobalt costs five times more than nickel. Nickel in turn costs 2,5 times what aluminum costs. And the oxygen fraction of the cathode is practically free. Unless your increase in energy density involves only a tiny amount of a more expensive material for a major increase in energy density, energy density is not your cost constraint. Your cost constraint is either:
1) Capital costs (the former greatest constraint)
2) Raw materials costs (increasingly the current greatest constraint)
E.g.: If you have a cathode with a non-oxygen fraction that's 15% cobalt, 80% nickel, and 5% aluminum, and you find that you can improve the energy density by going to, say, a 45% cobalt, 30% nickel, 5% aluminum mix, you literally have to double the cathode energy density in order to justify the expense. Those sorts of changes just aren't going to happen. Hence the improvements push in the opposite direction: minimizing the cobalt. We ended up at NCA (which has turned out to be a great chemistry) specifically because companies have stopped putting their research focus on high-cobalt chemistries, because they're going to inherently be unaffordable. And eventually the push is increasingly going to have to be cutting the nickel fraction down as well.
You see the same thing when you look at research into alternate chemistries to li-ion, looking to the time when lithium becomes a growing fraction of battery costs (as well as trying to find a way to plate out metal without suffering from safety / longevity issues like lithium is prone to). What sort of chemistries are they mainly looking at? Almost exclusively
cheap ions - sodium for other monovalent chemistries, magnesium, calcium, etc for multivalent chemistries. It's not about "what packs the most energy density in", it's about "what can we get for cheap". E.g., beryllium for example would be awesome in a wide variety of roles in batteries, but nobody's going to use it because it costs an utter fortune.