It's all about controlling what crystals form and their structure. Sometimes you want slow cooling, sometimes you want fast cooling, sometimes you want cold working, etc, etc.
Alumium is even more sensitive than steel. The increase in tensile strength (and decrease in ductility) in alumium with increasing temper is huge, literally several times higher yield strength just by how you heat treat it. Which is a problem when it comes to welding, because when you heat the metal when you weld, you lose the temper and it goes back to low strength / ductile O-temper (annealed).
Alumium is even more sensitive than steel. The increase in tensile strength (and decrease in ductility) in alumium with increasing temper is huge, literally several times higher yield strength just by how you heat treat it. Which is a problem when it comes to welding, because when you heat the metal when you weld, you lose the temper and it goes back to low strength / ductile O-temper (annealed).