I'm not really worried about replacing the radio module itself as much, since I would hope that it was designed as a separate module. I'm not an antenna expert, but I imagine that the existing radio antenna might need to be changed or updated to address the different frequencies used by different carriers and countries, unless they already designed the antenna to work for future LTE upgrades. An antenna replacement would probably push the price up quite a bit.
There are certain antenna considerations to be made for LTE (MIMO, beam forming, diversity), and potentially frequency (technology independent, although 700 MHz is a new LTE only band). It's most likely these considerations weren't made for the current car, but without examining the module, we can't know for sure. The impact would be worse performance (and lower peak rates), but even if you used the same antenna design, it would still be better than HSPA (just not optimal).
Since a car is so large, it's easier to design for the antenna (limited space constraints). Smart phones are a totally different story.