In ChargeFox’s “Lessons Learned” report to ARENA in 2021, I thought it was really interesting that they said most failures were due to software not hardware:
“Previous thinking on reliability assumed this was largely to do with the quality of the components used. High-quality components such as internal power supplies and vehicle connectors solve much of the maintenance problem, but in practice these rarely fail. Instead we find chargers failing due to software and fundamental design faults. Nothing breaks, but the software fails for a wide range of reasons.”
I don’t know if this is still the case, but it points to poor charger software architecture, where it should be possible to remotely rectify any software failure of a unit and not require an on-site visit to do so. It should be possible, for example, to remotely upload new firmware to the unit even under the most extreme software failures, restart, and be able to remotely diagnose what is going on.
A bit like Tesla‘s ability to update firmware over-the-air, a capability designed in from the start, and which even today most other BEV manufacturers don’t do (firmware being the bootable kernel of the entire computing architecture, as opposed to OTA software updates which are merely apps that run over the top of that).