There have been some brake changes over the years, on the MX as well as the MS. This is info specific to the MX.
The fronts are the same, regardless of P or not and just a color difference
FR BRAKE CALIPER ASSY M12 LH: Part # 1027621-00-C
FR BRAKE CALIPER ASSY M12 LH - RED: Part #1027621-01-C
Originally, the main difference in the brakes was just the color. P and non-P cars used Brembo calipers and Rassini rotors.
RR BRAKE CALIPER ASSY M12 LH: Part # 1027643-00-A
RR BRAKE CALIPER ASSY M12 LH - RED: Part # 1027643-01-B
Somewhere along the way, the move was made to move to a Mando rear brake setup. The Mando brakes did not come in red, so these were for non-P's only. The cutoff was supposed to be 11/22/2016 as indicated by the Tesla Shop for the
Red Brake Upgrade but the reality is that the Brembo's were used for a bit after that.
RR BRAKE CALIPER ASSY LH - MANDO: Part # 1078541-00-B
The visual difference in whether you have a Brembo setup or a Mando setup is the emergency brake caliper. A Brembo setup will have a second caliper. A Mando setup will not. The second parking brake caliper on the Brembo is also in grey, not in red like the main caliper.
So if you have a new P100D, then yes you have an upgraded brake system in the rear over a new non-P car. Your calipers, rotors, pads are all different and upgraded parts. But compared to my 2017 MX75D, you just have red paint.
Now for some more interesting things. Compared to your MS and M3, the MX is a much heavier car. They may have an overall smaller brake system; but there's less to stop. This weight might also attribute to your subjective braking feel, but objectively, the numbers don't seem right. The stopping numbers on the 2016 models came in from 106-113ft from 60mph to 0. They varied based on 20"s or 22" wheels and associated tires; but in 2016 they all used the Brembo's. For comparison sake, Motor Trend published a list of "20 Best 60 to 0 distances recorded by Motor Trend" in 2015. #16-20 on that list came in tied at 101 ft (Audi R8, RS5, RS7, Shelby GT500); and the same folks tested the Model X and got 106 ft with a P90D on 22" wheels and tires.
Then in 2018, CR tested the Model 3 (didn't specify sport or not) Prior to upgrade it stopped in 152ft and stated it was "25 feet longer than Tesla's own Model X SUVs" Which implies the MX now stops in 127ft (didn't specify P or not) It also went on to say that the TM3 with the updated software now stops at 133ft; which would still be 6 ft further than the implied MX distance.
I'm not sure if this helps you or not...