Further information affecting power output.
I have been shopping solar modules and find that Panasonics HIT modules are the most efficient, even better than the industry gold standard SunPower modules. They also are the least affected by temperature, about 50% better than SunPower, with 0.258%/ºC reduction below STC rated power vs Sunpower's 0.35%/ºC power loss. Also, Panasonic annual degradation is the lowest at 0.26%/yr.
Those Panasonic modules use 96 cells in a 41" wide panel, so they are about 5" square, just right size for Tesla Solar Roof tiles. Installed cost per watt of Panasonic HIT 330W modules runs around $4.50.
Assuming that Panasonic supplies their best cells for Tesla Solar Roof, the cell efficiency could be as high as 22%. Panasonic's best 96-cell module efficiency is 2.3% lower at 19.7%, so we could assume that that would be maximum for a gang of 96 Tesla tiles as well, but with 192 individual wired connectors instead of a modules integral connections, likely a little less; call it 19%.
Now, operating temperature affects all solar cells. Panasonic's HIT modules with ample air circulation under them lose 0.258%/ºC above 25ºC, the temperature at which panels get their power ratings. At 68º ambient temperature, panels with 4" air circulation beneath them run 20ºC above their STC rating, so Panasonic's HIT panels lose 5.16% of power output. But Tesla tiles ARE the roof, and so will have no such 4" air flow beneath them. They will run even hotter than normal modules; maybe 20ºC hotter, so another 5% loss of power, bringing them down to 17% efficiency.
Tesla tiles' micro louvers that make them look beautiful from street level are likely to cut efficiency 10%. That is the decrease experienced by SolarSkins from
Sistine Solar, a company that camouflages traditional solar panels with images that can look like the asphalt shingles, concrete or clay tile or wood shingle roof it is mounted on. So decrease Solar Tiles 10%, bringing them down to 15%.
That is the performance level per sq foot of average solar panels, but at a far higher cost and incomparably better appearance.