I'm no accountant, but I'm assuming that revenue that was deferred could be recognized at any time. If they wanted to, could they recognize all $140M in Q2? I'm confused as to what enables recognition and what requires deferral.
The accounting for EV credits are not well spelled out in the 10K/10Q filings. But this is how I suspect they are accounted for.
There are 2 pieces to EV Credits: (1) Earn Them....(2) Sell Them.
When Tesla earns EV Credits, there is no revenue yet so no impact to income. Only when the credits are sold and transferred to the buyer are credits recognized as revenue.
The likely entries are:
When EV Credits are Earned
Debit:
Other Asset $140m (Balance Sheet Account)
Credit:
Deferred Revenue $140m (Balance Sheet Account)
When EV Credits are Sold
Debit:
Cash $140m (Balance Sheet Account)
Credit:
Other Assets $140m (Balance Sheet Account)
Debit:
Deferred Revenue $140m (Balance Sheet Account)
Credit:
Revenue $140m (Income Statement Account)
Tesla has $140m of Deferred Revenue on the books at the end of Q1 2020. If they can find a buyer in Q2, that would bring the $140m to Revenue/Income in Q2.
Note: The accounting for the FCA/Tesla EU Emmisions revenue I suspect is different. There are no credits being sold. Tesla is being paid for joining the pool. So the accounting is unknown to me. I am accounting for the FCA-Tesla Pooling by applying a value to every car Tesla registers in the EU as each car registered reduced FCA's penalty at year-end.