Do you actually have to have less than 100% equity percentage before the broker can lend your shares, or does your broker get free reign over your shares regardless for being in a margin account?
1) yes a broker must segregate fully paid shares from shares purchase using margin. only the margin shares are allowed to be lent by your broker
2) your broker can lend fully paid shares only if they offer a program to that effect (stock yield enhancement program) AND you deliberately opt-in to the program.
Can you just ask for them back any time? How fast must they comply?
In a margin account, does the broker have to give them back the instant you pay off your margin?
to the first question (can you ask for them back)
in scenario 1 above - no (the shares aren’t “yours” per se, because you used margin)
in scenario 2 above - yes
- in my example, at ibkr, i can opt in or opt out of syep (program) which affects all stocks, i can’t just single out TSLA or another security (not sure if that’s just for operational efficiency or if it’s market regulation?)
to your 2nd question, scenario 2 is all that applies. (more on that below).
to 3rd question - yes
as soon as your shares become fully paid again, the broker is forced to segregate them from pool of margin shares, on your behalf
the unwind of 2 and 3, when the shares are lent out - the mechanics are similar
- you inject cash to cover the margin, or your overall acct value raises enough to cover the margin
- or you recall your fully paid (opted “in”) lent shares
the broker must recall the loan on ‘t’
- i think the counterpart has 2 days to return the shares (up to t+2)
- on t+3 market opening, fail to receive broker can “buy-in” fail to deliver broker
- the cost of the buy in is charged to the FTD broker
- the buy in trade settles 2 more days (now we’re at t+5
- at which point that could fail too
point is, it’s fairly instant in your acct once your shares are now fully paid, but it’s not instant on the street side (nscc) of the equation