View attachment 812299
Am I the only one projecting gross profit per car to rise past $20k soon towards the mid-$20s?
This is a genuine question because when I post reasons for that expectation no one voices contradictions, but on the other hand I see respectable bulls publishing their own financial models with much lower numbers. If I have a bad projection I hope someone will propose the necessary corrections to the model.
Q1 2022
Gross automotive revenue:
$16.681 B
Of which regulatory ZEV credits:
$0.679 B
Gross automotive profit:
$5.539 B
Vehicle deliveries:
310,048 vehicles
Gross profit per delivery, average:
$5.539B / 310k = $17.9k/vehicle
Adjusted to exclude ZEV credits:
$15.7k/veh
Historical Trend
Gross profit per delivery in previous quarters (excluding ZEV credits to capture underlying trend better):
| Gross Profit per Vehicle | Gross Margin |
Q1 2021 | $ 10.1 | 22.0% |
Q2 2021 | $ 12.6 | 25.8% |
Q3 2021 | $ 14.1 | 28.8% |
Q4 2021 | $ 14.8 | 29.2% |
Q1 2022 | $ 15.7 | 30.0% |
Average QoQ improvement in $/veh:
$1.4k
Revenue Forecast
Since last summer, prices across the entire S3XY lineup have increased about 15-20%. Barely any of this has hit the financials as of Q1 '22. In my post quoted below, I estimate $11k per vehicle in price increases still in the backlog.
Prices might increase even more.
Positive demand factors:
- Oil is still $120/barrel
- No relief in sight
- Sanctions on Russian oil exports unlikely to relax
- Other companies, both Lagacy Auto and hotshot EV startups, have not been delivering on their grandiose EV production forecasts from a few years ago
- Customers left with scarce supply of alternatives to Teslas
- ICEV supply also falling
- EV advertising is increasing
- Other companies increasingly need to advertise their EVs to convince customers to buy
- Remember the 2022 Super Bowl effect when Tesla orders in America doubled overnight
- Cybertruck deliveries will attract much attention and conversations with owners
- Flashy, silent, triangular tank hard to ignore
- So crazy that people will want to ask
- When people talk to Tesla owners or get offered rides, many want to buy one
- Las Vegas Loop will introduce millions of people per year to the Tesla vehicle experience
- 43 million annual visitors
- Will be faster, cheaper and more convenient than taxis and rental cars for travel between major destinations
- Demographic is much broader and more diverse than typical demographic exposed to Teslas
- Hertz
- Tom Brady partnership and ads likely to continue
- Rentals will continue to give lots of people extended trials of Teslas and Hertz's fleet is expanding
- Starship likely to hit orbital flight soon
- Starlink adding millions of satisfied users
- Falcon 9 continuing to launch for NASA and private customers
- Passenger trip around the Moon scheduled for 2023
- FSD Beta is expanding user access and improving
- If TSLA blows up, attention and positive sentiment on the stock may spill over to vehicle orders
- Government support
- USA might revive federal EV subsidy
- European political desire to speed up move from oil & gas is intensifying
- Climate change problems becoming increasingly obvious and urgent
- Some people are pleased with Elon buying Twitter and fighting prominent Democrats, and they are gaining interest in EVs and Tesla
- Optimus prototype in September might be really cool and go viral on internet
- Supercharger network keeps filling out coverage
- Roadster and Semi hopefully will be released in 2023
- Hardcore smackdown on gasoline sports cars
- Hardcore smackdown on diesel tractor-trailer freight
Negative demand factors
- Elon was accused of sexual harassment and sexual assault
- Bad image irrespective of credibility of allegations
- In the unlikely event the allegations are proven true, obviously that would be very bad
- Some people are displeased with Elon buying Twitter and fighting prominent Democrats, and they are losing interest in EVs and/or Tesla
- Distrust and hatred of billionaires (as an entire category of people) is growing
- Usual suspects have been ramping up FUD to 2018 levels, convincing many casual observers that Tesla supports racism, misogyny, etc, that Tesla is financially unstable, etc.
As Tesla Insurance grows and matures, it will add even more revenue per vehicle by 2024. Shifting mix away from Model 3 in favor of Y/S/X/CT will also have a big impact on revenue per vehicle, as detailed in the post quoted below.
Cost Forecast
Several concrete reasons to expect cost per vehicle, on an inflation-adjusted basis, to continue falling from today's levels:
- 4680s and other Battery Day tech
- 4680 cell manufacturing line
- Cell-to-pack wiring
- Structural pack
- Cobalt deleted
- Shipping + Import Tariff Savings
- European Union has 10% tariff
- Shipping across oceans or across North America is not cheap
- One-piece die castings for front of Model Y bodies
- New Berlin paint shop design
- Probably will improve material wastage, first-pass quality & rework, and throughput
- Better overall factory design for Berlin/Austin/Shanghai expansion
- Costly Fremont production is being diluted
- Retrofitted facility filled with compromises
- California SF Bay Area location means high labor and transportation costs
When all of this is added up, I think we're looking at roughly $3-7k savings per car on S3XY models before factoring in expectations for macroeconomic effects of inflation and material costs like lithium, aluminum and nickel.
I attempt to estimate that effect in this post:
Summary
When I stack up everything that is likely to impact the unit economics for our automotive business, the math tells me that between Q1 '21 and Q1 '24, gross profit per vehicle will be about 40% higher at $25k! The optimistic scenarios come out to like $30k per car especially if FSD progress accelerates with unified vector space/single stack/Dojo training.
Vehicle deliveries will roughly triple between now and then, given 8 quarters to ramp all the new factories.
1 million deliveries/quarter * $25k earnings * 4 quarters/year =
$100B annualized automotive gross profit in 2024
Not advice, but please pick at the numbers.