3. Investigation Investigations.are.conducted.in.two.phases:.the. Preliminary.Evaluation.and.the.Engineering.Analysis .. ➧Preliminary Evaluation (PE) Most.PEs.are.opened.on.the.basis.of.information. submitted.by.DAD,.but.they.may.be.opened.on.the. basis.of.other.information.as.well ..During.the.PE. phase,.ODI.obtains.information.from.the.manufacturer. (including,.but.not.limited.to,.data.on.complaints,. crashes,.injuries,.warranty.claims,.modifications,.and. part.sales).and.determines.whether.further.analysis. is.warranted ..At.this.stage,.the.manufacturer.has.an. opportunity.to.present.its.views.regarding.the.alleged. defect ..PEs.are.generally.resolved.within.four.months. from.the.date.they.are.opened ..They.are.either. closed.on.the.basis.that.further.investigation.is.not. warranted,.or.because.the.manufacturer.has.decided. to.conduct.a.recall ..In.the.event.that.ODI.believes. further.analysis.is.warranted,.the.PE.is.upgraded.to. an.Engineering.Analysis .