As to multiple accessing a drive you are saying what I am saying. All access is controlled by the file system which DOESN'T live on the stick. The USB stick is just dumb media.
We're either saying the same thing from completely different perspectives, or.. something else... but I don't think what we mean by file system is the same thing. I think you are using "file system" to mean the OS drivers.
The media, whether it's a stick or a card or a DASD or a floppy or a reel tape, or a paper tape, is a piece of media. The filesystem consists of the agreed-upon layout of files recorded upon that media; dumb media, written in an agreed format. That's why I can take a FAT32 formatted piece of media from a Winbox and connect it to another box (e.g. the Tesla) and it is readable. That is the common use of the term
file system: the physical layout on the piece of media.
The file system
driver in the OS is responsible for the reading and writing of the physical media -- it is certainly the case that multiple clients of the file system driver can simultaneously access files on the media. At the moment on the computer on which I'm typing, 317 processes are accessing 9831 distinct files on one piece of media; in many cases, several processes are accessing the same exact file, and in a few cases, several processes are writing to different areas of the same file. This is all mediated by the file system driver running on the OS.
Given good driver implementations, there's nothing preventing the local OS, a network-based client of the OS, and a USB-connected
client of the OS, from all accessing the physical media at the same time. This is exactly what is happening in the Pi-based implementations: the local piece of media is accessed by application clients running in the OS, by WiFi SMB clients, and by the Tesla vehicle client(via the USB) at the same time. The vehicle client takes an exclusive lock on the files it is currently writing, which (through driver features) prevent other processes from writing to that same file at that same time, but as soon as the vehicle client releases the file, other OS clients can access it.
What's going on here that's non-obvious is that in this scenario,
the vehicle is not directly accessing the media at all. The vehicle is accessing a representation of the media that is brokered by the drivers within the OS running on the Pi; the OS is therefore able to manage multiple clients working on the same physical media.
There's nothing preventing the Sandisk or Verbatim from working the same way -- except developer and SQA time. It's simpler and cheaper to dismount the piece of media (SD card) from the OS that exposes it to WiFi clients, and mount it exclusively to the USB, and so forth back and forth.
(There are a few physical-layer media interfaces that allow multiple storage clients to be connected at the same time (SCSI is a good example) and a very very very few OS implementations that allow multiple manipulators of the same piece of media (AmigaOS, for example, did not; thus the need to dismount a volume from one initiator before mounting it to another.))
(Whether a fibre-channel SAN in fabric mode is really multiple initiators using the same media, or is a broker mediating between initiators and media, begins to get more religious than factual.)