Hi
@3Victoria , this thread has veered off topic but I want to respond to your comments, particular since you took the time to read the article.
There was a time when unconventional E&P along with the transportation challenges from such remote shale areas were quite costly. However, the last decade of R&D dollars delivered amazing technology these past 5 years that dramatically reduced E&P costs from shale while simulataneously improving recovery rates. You may be associating your statement with your local Canadian Tar Sands impact, which has not experienced the same improvements primarily because of weaker technology investment and greater bitumen content. Thus the downturn saw Canadian production drop moreso than the U.S., which actually saw growth in areas like the Permian Basin due to lower break even costs from horizontal drilling technologies. Environmental issues also improved dramatically but not perfect, nor ever will be. Just wanted to point out that shale in & of itself does not mean it's more costly and/or environmentally more harmful than non-shale production as you stated. For macro support, compare the past 10 years of US production where conventional production shifted to a majority of unconventional production, while the cost per Bbl dropped from $50-$70 to $20-$30 depending on locale.
Good quote you selected! Yes indeed oil is limited. The concept of reserves does not imply unlimited resources, but the continued discovery of new unconventional reserves has inappropriately led many to speculate, believe, and espouse it. It's silly. Even the sun has a projected shelf life.
I'm very happy to take an Oil E&P discussion off thread. Dislike me if you will, but I love the entire energy industry. I have been committed to the tech side of E&P as well as the tech side of Renewables for 20 years. Everyday I'm fortunate enough to work with big oil's efforts to balance tech efficiency and effectiveness, as well as big industry's advanced manufacturing of next gen wind turbines, utility scale solar technology, improved nuclear waste management and yes, even better battery technologies as chemicals such as many lithium variants are quite toxic. Our world continues to transform to a better place but it's not because we drive Teslas, grow our own food or capture our own sunpower etc. Almost every company on the planet has a vested hand in this, including the ones most often hated. Tracking their progress is as critical as reporting on the problem.