3 - quite a few comments elsewhere have talked about BMS calibration and cell balancing, and my limited understanding is the issue with the BMS is it can struggle to predict where 0 is over time and becomes slightly pessimistic. In other words, the cars drops the available range shown, but the range is still there. My long forgotten physics A level would lead me to think that once a car hits zero, the worse the BMS calibration is the more the car still has in reserve. Ergo, to suggest the car has an 11 or 13 miles buffer is a function of BMS calibration and not a design decision, and a calibrated BMS will have a smaller buffer.