A week or two ago, I read an interesting article:
This Is What Happens When Bitcoin Miners Take Over Your Town
Funnily enough, I attended a conference called Real World Crypto back in early 2013, before the word "Crypto" had been co-opted by the blockchain crowd. There were only a few digital currencies back then, Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, and a few others. Bitcoin had just had its first big runup, from around $250 at the end of 2012, to around $1000. The very first invited talk at the conference was about the cost of mining coins.
Aside: my boss at the time drew my attention to Satoshi's bitcoin paper when it first came out. I was too busy to do anything more than validate that in principle it worked... then I got back to my day job. What I should have done, of course, was start mining. But anyway.
The benefit of mining a particular currency is statistical in nature. So generally your statement above is correct. You could calculate how much energy a computer/GPU/FPGA/ASIC would use to do the hash calculations, but the reality is that that money was averaged over a bunch of people. As more miners got into the game, it became more and more like a lottery, so people started to get into mining pools to smooth out the lottery winnings, then consolidated more and more into the big mining outfits. As the article above alludes to, when there's a goldrush, it's the shovel providers, saloons and brothels who make all the money.
Now Bitcoin started to appreciate and (by design) the difficulty of mining went up, to the point where it became easier to mine different currencies. That's exactly where Litecoin came from. No-one day trades BRK.A... that's what BRK.B is for
. Now there are approaching 100,000 blockchain value tokens; can't call all of them coins because many are not focused on monetary value.*
Even using ASIC farms in places with ridiculously cheap electricity, it currently costs around US$8k to mine a bitcoin. As I type, the price is back down to $6745. So it's (currently) uneconomical. Funnily enough, this was exactly the conclusion of the talk I mentioned, at the $250 level when the talk was written. I don't know the breakdowns for the competitors. But like stocks, some are overvalued and some are undervalued, relative to the cost of mining them.
Now here's the part that I really don't understand. The costs of all these currencies has been broadly tracking the cost of mining them. Just like the price of a stock broadly tracks the value of the company (both tangible and intangible). But a company is worth something when it's liquidated... what is the liquidation value of a Bitcoin? Even tulips, at least you could plant the damn thing. The energy that went into mining a coin
is gone! It's contributed to the heat death of the universe. If it hadn't been nailed to the perch, it would be pushing up the daisies! (ObPython.)
So, personally, I consider digital currencies interesting but out of control. I'm staying right out of that market. I'm now a Bitcoin permabear, sorry Satoshi. Other currencies might or might not have a future. Blockchain technology has a future, I think... in fact my startup has a novel and socially beneficial use of blockchain, at least I think so. (Enquiries welcome; that's as close as I come to advertising it.)
Audie: you might choose to move this, and/or edit out my penultimate sentence; I have a meeting.