I am truly stunned when I read testimonials by Tesla owners claiming FSD 2020.20.12 is SAFER than a human. How badly were they driving before they bought a Tesla?
The fact is, statistically, humans are pretty crappy drivers, so the bar is actually pretty low for self-driving cars in general. However, cars and humans have different weaknesses. Human errors are mostly related to inattention (aka carelessness). Car errors are mostly related to lack of situational awareness.
A car, once it has reached a certain competency for a well-defined task, will reliably perform that task again and again without loss of vigilance. It won't get tired, or distracted by a phone call, or fall asleep. But, a human will hands-down beat any car in unusual situations or navigating complex traffic, flow patterns and signage. Though cars are getting better at these types of things, there is still a
long way to go.
And the result of this is that autonomous cars are still going to crash, but in ways that are
different from humans. Most human crashes are just plain dumb; forgetting to look before changing lanes, not checking blind spots, running a red light, rear-ending someone in slow traffic etc. Cars can already handle these far more reliably than humans (yes, there are thorough studies on this).
Where the car fails is in an unusual situation that it mistakes for something harmless, then does something brain-dead, and POW. To a human, not understanding such a "simple" problem appears to make the car look incredibly unreliable: "If it can't even do
that I can't trust it at all!". But that is because humans weight these unusual situations issues higher than "wow the car can stay perfectly in lane and not side-swipe another car for thousands of miles". And yet statistics clearly show that it is these very simple skills that are the most important to traffic safety; the very ones that cars are already better at than humans.
That's why autonomous cars
are on the cusp of beating humans; they are good at the mundane things that avoid/prevent accidents. The very things that humans are
not good at. The perception that they are not is because we focus on the headline-grabbing things when the car does something wrong, and forget about all the times it does stuff much better than we do.