Update* I was wrong! The Tesla Qi Wireless Chargers don't have an issue charging through thicker plastic Lifeproof Shock cases. When I got home I plugged in the charger's two usb cables into a usb outlet at home outside of the car and my phone began charging.
What appears to be the issue is that because the iPhone 11 Pro Max is such a tall phone as it is, (158mm in height) This height increases to 165mm with the case on. The additional 3.5mm the phone is raised on the bottom is JUST enough to not have the charging coils in the charger and in your phone aligned properly. The bottom lip of the charger that cradles the phone from slipping down does not allow for the phone to be lowered on the charger any more.
So this is a dimensional height issue for the iphone 11 pro max with case, and not a thickness of the case itself. I am going to have to look into finding a third party charger that has the coils built up a little higher. The two from Nomad and Taptes have built in lips that sit above the black plastic click in lip made by tesla. I just ordered the Taptes charger on Amazon for $30 and I will report back when I get it tomorrow.