With a little research I see that the Model S has an open differential, but is able to simulate limited slip differential behavior by applying the brakes in varying amounts to either wheel during acceleration. So it wouldn't be changing the amount of regen to individual wheels, but most likely applies the brakes independently to each wheel during regen to keep the rear end from sliding out. Stability control during regen braking. Maybe it also reduces the overall regen braking too, at the same time? Do you know if that's what it does?
I'm pretty sure that stability control is active at all times, so that might apply an individual brake to try to control a developing skid. I'm pretty sure that the car will reduce regeneration on that axle when it detects a slipping wheel.
I'm not aware of the car using the brakes/traction control to increase deceleration when it has to reduce regeneration due to a wheel slipping, but I don't know for a fact that it doesn't. I wouldn't expect it to.
One of the things I used to hate on my Volt was the odd feeling when it went over a big puthole during strong regeneration and the computer cut all regen for a second or so (while posting a "Low Traction" caution message) - the car seemed to lurch ahead.
I've read about that with the Prius too, but not on the Tesla cars, and my X doesn't do it - I'd assumed it's Tesla's more sophisticated traction control combined with using both motors to regenerate, but I don't know.