I too am having the same issue and raised it with Tesla. Their response was the following - which begs the question, how do you determine which contacts are saved as vCards? If we can get to that, and resolve it, by recreating the problematic contacts - then this could be the fix!
"We have investigated the issue your wife has in regards to syncing her contacts with your Tesla.
The issue is that some of her contacts are saved as Vcards (virtual contact file) and currently the car cannot identify them which prevents it from syncing contacts at all.
This issue is under investigation, in the meanwhile you can try and identify which contacts are saved as Vcards and remove them from her phone, this should solve this issue for now."