On the freeway, I usually don't signal until there is no one in my blind spot/beside me/coming up fast, etc.. (One of my pet peeves about NoAP actually.) Obviously it is different in stop and go traffic.
Passing a slower vehicle on the freeway (presumably you meant one that is signalling)....Generally I would slam on my brakes if someone started signalling and it was my judgement that they actually were going to go/could not see me. I would have no choice, even though I have the right of way. It's often a tough call. (Depends on the traffic behind me - if I feel like they would hit me, I have to figure out another option.)
For someone who is making a left with the signal on and I am the oncoming traffic with right of way...I generally look at their wheels. If their wheels are turned into my lane, I tend to slow down. If I start to see their wheels turn, I get really nervous and really start to slow down. (These actions, again, are to some extent modified by the following distance of the vehicle behind me.) If their wheels are straight, I just go by without slowing.
Yes, people will do crazy things because they are required to yield to the signal + lights - if the white car hits the cop it's probably going to be his fault even though that would be ridiculous (where's the fire?). Agreed that in the end the fault rests in this case with the only person who damaged their vehicle. I'm just saying that every attempt should be made to avoid causing an accident, regardless of fault. It's my duty as a driver, and the CHP's as well.