Jeff Dahn discovered that battery longevity can be measured quickly and directly without extensive testing. It is done with sensitive electrical measuring equipment that can very accurately measure the resistance of the cell as it goes through a few charge/discharge cycles. This basically allows researchers to "see" the degradation happening in real time. It turns out that the most efficient cells (those with the lowest resistance) last the longest. Resistance = heat and heat = degradation and lack of efficiency. The techniques developed by Dahn and team have greatly speeded up the development of new chemistries and additives because the fast results can quickly guide researchers down the most productive paths.
That's not to say that conventional accelerated longevity/stress testing is not performed, but that the state of the art has progressed to the point that developers of new battery variations have a VERY good idea of their ultimate longevity long before the extended torture-testing is actually performed.
The specific chemistry and technology of the cells being produced at Kato Rd. have undoubtedly been under development for many years in the lab. Maybe you remember some comments Elon made about battery breakthroughs a couple of years ago when responding to people who were hoping for battery breakthroughs on grand scales? I could tell this naivety slightly irritated Musk. His response was something along the lines of "there is nothing of that magnitude on the immediate horizon" (or he would know about it). People bring their battery breakthroughs to Tesla first and Tesla follows battery research very closely so they are very aware of all the promising developments. He also said it takes something like at least 5 or more years to bring a new battery to market due to extensive laboratory testing and manufacturing development before bringing it to production. He said there are things in development that will increase energy density and other desirable metrics but these improvements are not orders of magnitude improvements but 10% here, 20% there types of improvements (I've paraphrased here). He also commented that bringing the cost of batteries down is one of the most important metrics to improve.
What we will see announced later today will be the result of years of work on the next generation of batteries. It will be better than the current state-of-the-art in more than one important metric but they will be relatively small/gradual "step changes", not orders of magnitude different. But that's all you need for a competitive advantage.
This raises the question, then what will blow our minds? I think Elon was referring to the scale and speed of manufacturing/lowering of costs that his vision results in. And that "blowing your mind" will not happen overnight - it takes time to build the machine that builds the batteries. But they have a proof of process production line running at Kato Rd. as we speak that I believe will be shown to the world this afternoon. From there it's just a matter of scaling processes and supplies - still a big task but I don't think they would be sharing it with the world if they couldn't see the path with clarity.
Before replying to the content, I just wanted to say I enjoy your comments but disagree with some of the ones in this post.
I agree that the desired chemistry is settled by Jeff + Elon, and have watched the videos on lab testing. But as you say conventional longevity testing of cells still needs to be performed. I'd expect those coming off the mass production line (as opposed to the lab/pilot production line) will incur this process to ensure they meet desired specs before actually producing at full tilt and getting the final signoff to put them into vehicles. Then there is still the gigantic task of expanding the supply lines and replicating manufacturing lines many times over all over the world. That's a difficult thing to do.
I'm sure you saw from the
@gabeincal videos just how recently the Kato road facility has been completed. Here's a pic from 3 weeks ago. You can't tell me this is a production line that has been up and running for some time. They are most definitely in pilot phase.
Well, anything is possible but I doubt it. Here's why:
The basic process and product performance are both already proven or they wouldn't be at this stage of announcing it. It's just a matter of scaling production up. The machines set up to produce the batteries have to get bigger/faster. And that leverages one of Tesla's particular strengths - the ability to solve problems.
Has betting against Elon and team served you well before? I didn't think so!
Poor old "just" is doing some hard work here. Elon stated in his tweets
just yesterday how challenging the task is (10x-100x) to mass produce something compared to the prototype. Surely thinking a little slippage in the timeline is not unreasonable given the circumstances.
I'm not betting against Elon, I've said multiple times that I'm leveraged into Tesla as I have that much confidence in him and the long term prospects of Tesla. However if you mean to ask has there been times where Elon has missed his stated timelines then I would have to give an emphatic yes. Luckily, I am leveraged via CFDs which have no time constraint, but many Tesla investors felt some pain from the slower than stated ramp of M3 including Rob Maurer and Karen Rai in Q1 19 (to name a couple of the most prominent).
I want Tesla to meet their targets, even beat them. But when scaling their Everest it is likely that it takes a little longer than expected to reach the top. I fear there is a casualness from many with which the difficulty of what is trying to be achieved can be reached - even the suggestion of a little slippage has lead to responses of 1k word replies.
Don't bet against Elon, but don't Bank on his timelines.
If you like, we can agree to reference this on Jan 1 2023 and one of us can say "I told you so"
. tweets included for reference.