It makes sense for several reasons:
- Imported luxury cars are very popular in China, and they cost twice as much. Tesla is not an outlier, and since everyone pays the same tariffs no one has an advantage. The addressable market gets reduced, but demand for luxury EVs is still huge - and the remaining demand gets covered by ICE manufacturers. A Tesla Model 3 not sold today in China can easily be a lost sale to a BMW 3-series.
- Tesla would want to "develop" their Model 3 market: 2020 and the first Model 3's from Shanghai are only 1.5-2 years away. They want more market penetration, brand recognition, local reviews, Model 3 Performance units out on the roads, etc.
- Consumers like options. They might be drawn in by a showroom Model 3, and might end up buying a Model S or X.
- There are always risks when introducing a new model: some regulatory, compliance or logistics hickup could slow down deliveries in a region unexpectedly. So having redundancy reduces those risks
- The European version is affected by a 10% tariff - which Tesla's main ICE competitors (German luxury car makers) are not affected by. Tesla could avoid the 10% tariff only by doing final assembly in Europe, but their assembly factory in the Netherlands possibly doesn't have the capacity for that. Tesla also has non-trivial transportation costs to Europe.
- In China all main competitors are paying the same tariffs, and transportation distances are similar, so Tesla is on a more level playing field.
Tariffs on luxury goods can be passed down to customers to a fair degree. As long as demand is there there's effectively no downside for Tesla to sell Model 3's on the Chinese market.
The best strategy for Tesla would be to introduce high trim versions on both the European and the Chinese markets, in parallel.