That's clearly improper application. As I said in post above, if it falls off shortly after application, the tape was applied improperly. Did you use rubbing alcohol to displace any possible residual oils or moisture from the surface (and give it enough time for the alcohol to evaporate)?
Did you leave the plate off and apply enough and constant pressure on the plate holder where the tape contacts the car (making sure it is properly lined up so that all three strips fully contact the surface; lining it up first before removing the backing is helpful)? The plate holder has recessed areas where the tape is that makes it possible to do if you leave the plate off. Basically you roll the pressure from bottom to top (or vise versa) for the two vertical strips, and across for the horizontal strips.
VHB tape requires at least 15 psi of pressure to be applied and given each strip is around an inch wide, at least 15 lbs of pressure needs to be applied to it.
Temperature also matters a lot. Did you at least warm up the surface and tape before application?
You can look at the bond strength over time vs temperature. The tape was really designed to be cured in room temperature or above. It achieves 50% bond strength in 20 minutes if applied and cured at room temperature, and 90% in 24 hours. If applied and cured at 50F, it doesn't even reach 50% until 24 hours later, and only reaches about 75% even after 72 hours. It's obviously going to be even worse at colder temps (in cold enough temps it probably doesn't cure properly at all). I imagine temperature is probably the most common cause for initial failure.
https://www.3m.com/3M/en_US/bonding-and-assembly-us/resources/full-story/?storyid=b3996cbd-9954-455f-8e72-88e452ca38c0#:~:text=At room temperature%2C approximately 50,and 100%25 after 72 hours.
There's literally hundreds of thousands of Teslas that use this plate holder, so obviously it works when applied properly.