When I first heard about the tweet, my own confirmation bias led me to believe that Elon plays 4 dimensional chess while everyone else is playing checkers and he has this all figured out with some whacked out innovative financial engineering.
When I soon learned that top notch Wachtell, Latham and Munger Tolles attorneys were involved, and Saudi Fund and Goldman and Silver lake were on the funding side, my belief was further confirmed.
That was all wrong.
Some innovators, like Steve Jobs and Elon Musk and Branson (and sorry, Trump is an orange version of this too) -- these people are less constrained by normal ways of doing things and can be great leaders when they lead the teams around them to do something that doesn't seem possible to mere mortals. They often do this by distorting the reality around them -- Ignoring the normal barriers to what they want to do. They do not discount risks, or costs and low probabilities of success and not accounting for the effort and time it will take to achieve what they want.
EM tried that in this case and it didn't work. In other cases it does work: just like he said, "reusable rockets let's do it", "EV cars faster than a McClaren, let's do it". But recall he also said "swappable batteries", "x-country drive on FSD" and bunch of other things that didnt work (yet). But that's ok for engineering and product technology. You can't have success with 3 things unless you try 10 or more. So failure often breeds success.
I suspect the tweet and the funding was another attempt to try something out and see if it works. And let's really motivate people to make it happen by acting as if it is already under way. That doesn't work well with securities laws.
A 10b-5 violation requires scienter aka intent, which can be satisfied with recklessness. By being sloppy with descriptions of a potential transaction, and describing the transaction in terms that could be reasonably be construed to indicate more certainty than in fact existed at the time, he was not being accurate. The real issue is whether the sloppiness and imprecision crossed the line into recklessness and satisfied the scienter/intent element of 10b5 fraud.
This is a tough issue. You might wonder, why is this case in NY 2nd circuit when Tesla, and most of the witnesses, are in California and the 9th Circuit.
The answer is that the Ninth Circuit has higher standards for recklessness, and here the SEC was seeking the 2nd circuits lower standards. See this summary of the law if you are interested .
https://www.wsgr.com/PDFSearch/pleading_of_scienter.pdf
This is not a slam dunk case, but it is not a BS case. And by choosing NY, the SEC has a slightly lower threshold to prove scienter with a lower standard of recklessness.
But we need to have more facts about what EM intended, and how much care he took in aligning his statements to reality. That entrepreneurial spirit that serves him well to push the envelope of engineering and product development did not serve him well here.
Likely and best outcome? A fast settlement with a fine that will hurt (at least tens of millions), but leaving him as an officer and director.
Other possible outcomes:
A settlement with a fine and agreeing to turn over CEO role to someone else.
A trial (very unlikely) that I think would lean a little bit in EM's favor if he has (as I hope he does) some real helpful facts to show that the reality of the prospects of a go-private transaction matched up with the descriptions in the tweets. But all trials are a roll of the dice.
Also possible that DOJ will have a criminal complaint against Musk, and possible that the SEC will also have a complaint against the company because of the involvement of the company blog and the IR dept. It's a mess.
It's also a totally unforced stupid error.
watch out for your own confirmation bias -- mine certainly led me astray back on Aug 7.