I use the USB audio player a lot and have several collections of music of varying sizes on different USB flash devices (from a few dozen songs to 7000+ songs). I've never seen such a structured pattern when shuffling, on previous firmware versions nor on the latest I received a couple days ago 2018.2 0eddd23 - just did a quick test on my 7k+ collection and could not see any such pattern.
But on the topic of non-random shuffle - I haven't had this latest version long enough to tell if that's finally fixed, but as someone else pointed out over in the other big USB bug compilation thread, on other recent firmware versions if you initially start your USB music playing from the main "Recents" menu rather than directly picking a song in the USB section, then the USB player seemed to not repeat shuffled sequences - that was at least a workaround to the non-random shuffle.
I do notice one thing that remains the same on 03ddd22 as before: If I manually pick a song and let shuffle do its thing, if a few songs later I manually select the same first song, then the same sequence repeats after that. If however I manually break the sequence somewhere (e.g. by manually selecting a totally different song after the first few) and THEN manually pick the same first song again, then shuffle plays a different sequence of songs than the first time. But again, this is same behaviour I've seen with prior firmware versions. It'll take a few more days of usage to see if shuffle repeats sequences during uninterrupted play like it did with other recent firmware versions...