From what you wrote, it seems it's just black ice. Nothing you could have done different and nothing that the car caused. I have had a few situations with my Model S that were similar. I hit some black ice patches and the car went out of control. Luckily I didn't crash.
As you said, it's just the laws of physics. No friction/traction on an icy road means the car will go follow it's momentum. Winter tires make little to no difference on black ice. The only thing that helps is slowing down. The other thing as McRat suggested is practicing these situations. It is our normal reaction to panic and floor the brakes when we are about to slide off the road or into an object or we try to yank the wheel and swerve around it. Both can make things worse. Only training and practicing these situations can help to unlearn that got reaction and instead do something that can actually prevent a crash or at least limit the damage.
As you said, it's just the laws of physics. No friction/traction on an icy road means the car will go follow it's momentum. Winter tires make little to no difference on black ice. The only thing that helps is slowing down. The other thing as McRat suggested is practicing these situations. It is our normal reaction to panic and floor the brakes when we are about to slide off the road or into an object or we try to yank the wheel and swerve around it. Both can make things worse. Only training and practicing these situations can help to unlearn that got reaction and instead do something that can actually prevent a crash or at least limit the damage.