So Norway must be near or past the tipping point of needing to fund roads from something other than gas tax. What do they do?
Norway gets a much larger % of their road money from tolls.... which don't even exist in a LOT of US states, and even in the ones that do are usually pretty narrow in location/scope.
Further- they not just a ton less miles of road- but a ton less cars using them.
The US has 0.86 cars per 1 person living here. Norway has 0.44 cars per 1 person- less than half (and better public transit).
Not that they don't get ANY road funding from gas taxes- they do- just not nearly as much as US states tend to.
I find it pretty simple. We want cleaner air so provide incentives accordingly. Higher tax on polluters. So raise gas tax.
Currently many of the poorest people are driving the least efficient cars and will be last in line to be able to afford an EV- so that's an incredibly regressive "solution" punishing those least able to afford it.
My understanding is that “mining” includes transaction logging/verification. That’s going full blast.
Yeah it's part of why Bitcoin is such a crap currency... (and why the fees to do small transactions are riduclous)
Special one way, not the other. What happens if they don't bring in enough money? Do they just let the roads fall apart or do they take from the general fund? I guarantee their roads are not fully funded by gas taxes and general funds are required. In years where they do take in enough, then they don't tap the general. Money is fungible, placing things in special categories is rarely a big deal.
Fully?
No.
But the gas tax I mention pays for 63 percent of maintenance and operations in the Highway Fund- so almost 2/3rds of it.
If that amount shrinks- which it will as EVs get more common- more money has to come from SOMEWHERE.
Just hand-waiving "general fund" without there being a new source of money coming INTO the general fund doesn't actually replace the lost fuel tax money.
Any GF money they are forced to shift to roads, without new income, has to be removed from something else.
By having a dedicated EV registration fee collected by the DMV, that $ goes into that same highway fund pool, avoiding needing to take general funds from other non-transportation programs to make up the shortfall.
Now- in an ideal universe, it'd be mileage based like the gas tax is. But most states have no method in place today to collect miles driven annually (other than if they just trusted the owner to self-report on their state tax form or something- which even then a few states don't even have state income tax so they'd need another method)