I really do not like to point this one out. BYD even makes its own semiconductors, although they are planning a spinoff of that one. Their Blade batteries are good enough for Tesla to buy them. Whether one like their cars, trucks, busses, trains or the phones they manufacture the reality is that they're even more vertically integrated than is Tesla. That is partly why their margins are so high.All of this innovative engineering change has been accomplished through a vision. Without the vision, it all dies on the vine (see several historical auto/tech references and look back at years of CES widgets/starts) where good tech died in its infancy without an enduring and cohesive vision to 'see it through'.
To be clear, Tesla doesn't just make a car, they make/engineer/design/produce 'nearly' all the innovative pieces/parts/sub-assemblies (they don't make the commodity pieces like tires, paint, various adhesives, plastic pellets, textiles, connectors or the monitors/screens, but that is another story...) vertically integrated as well as 'nearly' all of the code (I actually can't think of code they don't write themselves at the moment though, maybe some Kuka code is unaltered by Tesla devs...). And if I worked for Sandy, I'd have them put the Tesla parts in a pile and non-Tesla parts in a pile and deep dive into why Tesla hasn't done in-sourced them yet.
NO OTHER AUTOMAKERS DO THIS! (sorry to yell), but folks just don't understand this.
So, Tesla is not as much a car manufacturer, as they are "THE SOURCE" of the creation of 'nearly' all the innovation that go into the car as well as the production process, sales process, support process, update process, connectivity/services and the long standing belief that marketing is a near useless vestige of improper product/customer focus.
I'd assert: Without Tesla's vision, EVs would simply NOT exist in any meaningful/material way.
Check out their numbers and website. One need not applaud them but one must admit they are masters of vertical integration.