Good advice... I wish I had taken it. Just had $5k of short term options expire worthless.
I feel your pain. I have been learning a lot recently myself. Its hard to understand until you actually experience it in real time. Its like a train crashing in slow motion. Some things I have learned:
1) Weeklys are dangerous. Never do out of the money weeklys, unless you specially know something or you have a spread trade that is betting both sides. To me a weekly is something that expires this week or next. You take less risk with ITM calls because the stock does not have to go up as much but you pay a premium the more "in the money" your weeklys are though so you are risking more if they expire worthless. Always be prepared to cut your losses early. Take profits on the way up and dont be afraid to cut bait quickly. You can also re-enter the trade once you have more direction.
2) Dont put all your eggs in one basket. If you are only working with one stock like TSLA, you can spread the risk around by buying weeklies, monthlys and leaps. You can play monthlys like weeklys. You just plan on closing them much earlier then the expirey date. This is safer but of course less upside. The safer you go the less your upside, but yeah. Monthlys also give you more ability to dollar cost average and take profits. I tend to sell half my position as it goes up and average down if the option drops in value 20% or more. I know that sounds crazy, why pour gas on the fire. But the short term volatility is not as much of a problem for longer term options IF THEY ITM. Thus I almost never buy OTM. One example I had was APPL. Recently dropped after a bad earnings a few months ago. I had April 20th 180 calls that where OTM when I got them. This was before I leanred my leason. BUT, I was still able to dollar cost average as the stock dropped to like 160. My cost went from $6 a contract to $3. And wouldnt you know, the stock was over 180 recently. That would not have been possible if the term was too short.
3) Which brings me to lesson 3. Be very careful what you hold right around earnings. These tech stocks can gap both directions and crush you right before expiry. Just be aware that you should trim your position, put on protection or take some action to protect yourself around earnings. This is particularly bad if you are a single stock person as you could be stranded. I got crushed during that same earnings issues on Google, FB and Apple, but apple and FB recovered in time. Google ended up a total loss. $5k. ALL BECAUSE EARNINGS. Google ended up recovering but I had 0 planning and they expired the week of earnings. The sad part. Those same options where up before earnings and I should have trimmed and put on protection. Lesson learned.
4) It does not hurt to buy some puts to offset some of the risk. This is an area that I have been working on a lot lately. I feel like I need to be as proficient with Puts as Calls because there will be opportunities where the market is just messing with you and you gotta be able to protect yourself even if it costs something. Think of it as insurance. I actually always do short term puts and much smaller plays, almost like buying insurance on your car. It does not cost nearly as much as the car you are insuring but it can give you a huge amount of protection. I am still trying to refine my strategy so I would love any kind of input, but in general I might enter and exit those puts in the same day they tend to be smaller weekly bets and they can be in completely different stocks. For example if you are trying to hedge against macros, you might chose $SPY. If you are hedging against Tech then maybe $QQQ works. These are great because they are cheap and have a lot of volume so you can get in and out very quickly. You might ask why hedge against tech? The first time I tried trading options was late last year when the "Great Tech rotation" happened. I call it that, but basically Tech had gotten way ahead of the market and one week decided to dump and rotate into financials or something. Well, smart new options trade me, was holding many large out of the money weekly options. It was not pretty. But luckily, the market giveth as much as it taketh so its just critical to manage risk.
5) if you are just playing one stock. Spread your money out over different duration of options. You can play monthlys like weeklys where you only intend to hold them for 7-10 days, so you can buy new monthlys every week at different price targets. Obviously this does not protect if you the stock goes belly up. Not an advice.
So quick cheat sheet:
1) ITM only, play weeklys smaller and never around earnings unless you understand you could lose everything or put on some protection.
2) Monthlys should still ITM or at the money. Dont be afraid to dollar cost average, though I suggest 20% losses before doing it. As a matter of fact, assume you will need to and buy more later and start with a smaller position. You can always add to it later. TSLA is a great example of being able to add on the dips.
3) Stay clear of earnings. You are not good enough to make money of earnings. Even call/put spreads can bite you and become losses on both sides. I think a better option is small put positions for protection. They are simple, you can get in and out quickly and you risk small amounts, like insurance on your car. You can use any proceeds to dollar cost average your longer duration options.
4) You dont have to buy puts on the same stock for protection, you can buy calls or puts on $SPY or $QQQ to hedge. I am sure there are others that would work, its more about your comfort level.
This is what I have learned in 6 months that would have never learned reading a 100 books. You just have to experience somethings to understand how painful hey are.