It's true that the promise was never codified.
However, that "idle chit chat" was taken very seriously by the
US government officials such as Secretary of State William Perry, current CIA Director William Burns:
"It is good to know some history.
When Ukraine became independent after the Soviet Union collapsed in
1991, Russian leaders made clear their concerns about the prospect of
former Soviet states becoming part of NATO and positioning hostile
military forces along Russia's border. U.S. officials recognized these
concerns as legitimate at the time. One of those officials was William
Perry, who served as Defense Secretary under President Bill Clinton. In
a 2017 interview, Perry said:
In the last few years, most of the blame can be pointed at
the actions that Putin has taken. But in the early years I
have to say that the United States deserves much of the
blame.
Further:
Our first action that really set us off in a bad direction
was when NATO started to expand, bringing in eastern European
nations, some of them bordering Russia.
That is former Secretary of State William Perry.
Another U.S. official who acknowledged these concerns is former U.S.
Diplomat Bill Burns, who is now head of the CIA in the Biden
administration. In his memoir, Burns quotes a memo he wrote while
serving as counselor for political affairs at the U.S. Embassy in
Moscow in 1995.
Hostility to early NATO expansion is almost universally
felt across the domestic political spectrum here.
Over 10 years later, in 2008, Burns wrote in a memo to Secretary of
State Condoleezza Rice:
Ukrainian entry into NATO is the brightest of all redlines
for the Russian elite (not just Putin). In more than two and
a half years of conversations with key Russian players . . .
I have yet to find anyone who views Ukraine in NATO as
anything other than a direct challenge to Russian interests.
So, again, these concerns were not just invented yesterday by Putin
out of thin air. Clearly, invasion by Russia is not an answer, neither
is intransigence by NATO. It is important to recognize, for example,
that Finland, one of the most developed and democratic countries in the
world, borders Russia and has chosen not to be a member of NATO. Sweden
and Austria are other
[[Page S634]]
examples of prosperous and democratic countries that have made the same
choice.
Vladimir Putin may be a liar and a demagogue, but it is hypocritical
for the United States to insist that we as a nation do not accept the
principle of spheres of influence. For the last 200 years, our country
has operated under the Monroe Doctrine, embracing the principle that as
the dominant power in the Western Hemisphere, the United States has the
right--according to the United States--to intervene against any country
that might threaten our alleged interests. That is U.S. policy. And
under this doctrine, the United States has undermined and overthrown at
least a dozen countries throughout Latin America, Central America, and
the Caribbean.
As many might recall, in 1962, we came to the brink of nuclear war
with the Soviet Union. Now, why was that? Why did we almost come to the
brink of nuclear war with the Soviet Union?
Well, we did that in response to the placement of Soviet missiles in
Cuba, 90 miles from our shore, and the Kennedy administration saw that
as an unacceptable threat to national security. We said it is
unacceptable for a hostile country to have a significant military
presence 90 miles away from our shore."
In 1993 Boris Yeltsin wrote to President Bill Clinton stating that expansion of NATO Eastwards violates the spirit of the 1990 treaty.
The chitchat from Secretary of State James Baker: "if we maintain a presence in a Germany that is a part of NATO, there would be no extension of NATO's jurisdiction for forces of NATO 1 inch to the east" has never been codified into a treaty but that doesn't mean Russia does not feel that was deceitful.