That’s strange. The Dutch have also decided to ban ICE cars by 2030. Which EU regulation would prevent them and the Danes from doing so? But even if the EU says no for whatever twisted reason the government can simply decide to tax the hell out of ICE cars. A 1000% polution tax sounds about right to me.
The reason why it is against EU laws governing the common market, apparently is that once a vehicle is approved in one member state, it is automatically approved for sale in all the other member states as well.
There are ways around that, presumably, to take examples from the US.
For instance, in the US, electric bicycles are legally regulated for sale by the Consumer Product Safety Commission, a federal agency. Because of that, no state can prevent them from being sold.
...but the moment you operate one on a public thoroughfare, you can be arrested for operating an unlicensed motor vehicle in a state that bans electric bicycles.
For a more to-the-point example in the EU, many cities have bans on older cars, which appear to be perfectly legal under EU law, even when the car is registered in another EU member state (requiring the owner to get certification from their destination to enter low emissions zones). So, you could do things like allow the sale of a ICE car - because you must under EU law - but not allow it to be registered for use on public roads, or declare the entire nation as a zero emissions zone - so you can register it, but you can't legally operate it anywhere in the nation.
Edit: Another tactic that might work is to forbid fuel stations from operating within the borders. You might still get ICE vehicles passing through, but they'll need enough fuel on board to make it to the next nation with fuel. And, it'll make it utterly impractical to operate one within the borders. (End edit.)
Aston Martin (snip)- BRITISH OWNED!
...but using AMG (Mercedes, so German) engines.
Hate to sound flippant, but VW could donate 50K of them to the Bahamas. The emissions non-compliance issues are mainly around particulates which are worse in large cities and dry, cold climates. Bahamas has neither of those, but nearly every single vehicle on its two major Northern islands was damaged or wrecked, and people don't have the personal financial means to replace those lost vehicles.
It'd be better for VW to provide some transport to help the people of Bahamas with their immediate needs. Concerns which will likely extend for over a decade, if the people work hard and receive the help they need. C'mon VW, do the right thing when its not in your immediate best interest. You know, the way Tesla stepped up when people were without electricity in Puerto Rico?
Per the settlement, they cannot legally export these vehicles without fixing them. And, given the cost of fixing a lot of the cars in their inventory, it would be cheaper for them to just buy older gasoline cars out of their dealers' inventory, than to fix the diesels.
Also, the emissions issues were
not about particulates - the diesel particulate filters actually worked. They were about oxides of nitrogen, which are smog precursors.