The inverter is 'smart' enough to limit its output to its AC rating. Current generation solar edge inverters are rated to be oversized by 155% but even that is only based on 'fault' conditions. The optimizers regulate voltage to the inverter so the inverter will never see >400vdc unless it's saturated in which case it increases the input voltage to ~450v. Under normal operating conditions you could connect a 10kW inverter to 10MW of panels and the inverter would be fine... it would just be 'clipped' or 'saturated' at 10kW for 98% of the day; If there's ever a short circuit however the inverter will probably disappear in a puff of smoke.
An imperfect analogy would be like comparing an inverter to a dam. The height of the reservoir is voltage and the area represents the power rating of the panels. You can't break a dam by increasing the volume of the reservoir any more than you could break an inverter with too many panels unless you add to many in series.... just like if the water rises too high and overtops a dam.
Here's the DC input voltage for a Solar Edge inverter. If everything is working correctly this will not change regardless of the number of panels connected. You can see the voltage increase when the inverter is saturated and output is 'clipped'.
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