If the naked short is hidden within a brokerage arm by having a lot of customers whos balance shows shares held, but the brokerage does not actually have that many shares, what's to stop them from just upping this fake ownership number for each customer by a factor of 5 ex-dividend?
That's what several members here experienced as their Brokers did not receive enough TSLA dividend shares from the transfer agent to cover all of their share obligations to their retail customers. I
PREDICTED this would happen in advance, and posted that prediction here.
Those Brokers were able to buy their missing shares after Tesla's share offering on Sep 1st, but still did not deliver them to retail Customers until Thu, Sep 3 (or even later in some cases). That's the 2-day settlement rule peeking out its nose.
I also predicted (in advance) that Tesla would do a share offering, and what the size of that offering would be, based on early Aug short interest data. This was the "1-2 knock-out punch" Tesla planned for naked shorts. I give full credit to new Tesla Board member Hiro Mizuno for this gambit. It netted Tesla $5B in cash, back when that was a lot of money for Tesla.
Another way that Options Market Makers are able to achieve perpetual naked short positions (and avoid the 13-day FTD reporting requirements), is to repeatedly swap their naked shorts with another Options Market Maker. This is separate from retail trading, and has to do with shares shorted in the course of a MMs own proprietary trading. It just takes two to collude.
This method has been discussed both here and in several blog articles on the topic, especially the (now-defunct) website
"Counterfeiting Stock 2.0" (still readable through the "Wayback Machine" at archive.org).
The reason this 2nd naked shorting scheme might break down during a share dividend event is unequal short holdings leading to the "
hot potato" syndrome: No MM wants to be the one left holding the bag, so they break and cover as rapidly as possible. We did see that Citadel Securities bailed out Melvin Capital back in Jan 2021: (why else would they spend $2.75B other than to keep this scheme private, rather than just letting Melvin fail? The answer is books and record-keeping)
Hedge fund titans Ken Griffin and Steve Cohen boosted Gabe Plotkin’s Melvin Capital, injecting a total of $2.75 billion into the firm after it lost about 30% this year.
www.bloomberg.com
TL;dr Not believing a reason does not make it a logical fallacy.