SPACs. That is what seems to be driving a lot of market hype around EVs (other than Tesla, of course, which is not a SPAC).
Special Purpose Acquisition Corporations, also known as blank check companies, get born in an IPO raising typically hundreds of millions of dollars. They have 18 months from IPO to announce an acquisition, and 2 years from IPO to deploy the capital, or else they must return it to the IPO investors. The theory is that with public company P/Es reaching 22 or 24 on average, a SPAC can buy a private company at an 18 P/E and be ahead of the game.
However, due to the huge amount of money now being poured into SPACs (I watch recent IPO filings and it seems that 80% of new IPOs are now SPACs), there aren't enough quality private companies to go around, hence they start to buy speculative companies with negative earnings, or even no sales.
That's what NKLA was, a SPAC acquisition.
IMHO, the problems with SPACs is that the target company gets to go public with ZERO SEC oversight. No prospectus, no finicky SEC lawyers asking you to clarify or disclose things you'd rather not disclose. And the SPAC gets to artificially set the market cap of the acquired company. There is no market (bidding) mechanism to set IPO price. And maybe even worse, there is no built in institutional support for the stock price. In a normal IPO, you have institutions who buy the stock, and you have a plethora of brokerage companies (the underwriters) whose analysts follow the stock and issue reports. Those brokerage houses are incentivized to prop up the stock price so that they can earn the next lucrative IPO to come along. SPAC companies have none of this.
So, just buyer beware whenever you see a company going public via SPAC acquisition, or reverse merger into a public shell, or a direct listing. They've all bypassed the normal IPO process that has built in safety mechanisms for investors, and helps support the stock price.
Here's an interesting article talking about recent EV related SPACs:
Little-known EV and lidar firms are raising billions in Tesla’s shadow