I think you are stretching in the opposite direction here - it's not much of a stretch to see how hourly TOU rates could lend itself to these benefits.
Ok, let's take the first bullet:
- Increase grid reliability by facilitating automated load shift during emergencies such as wildfires, extreme heat, or earthquakes.
How does increasing the price during wildfires and earthquakes increase grid reliability? These are high stress times and if your power is on because the lines were not damage you are going to be keeping the lights on and helping your neighbors to the extent possible if you are a business then you will want to keep operating so that people can get help, food, etc. During a recent FlexAlert and wildfire event there was at least on forum user that said that they were charging their EV to 100% so that they had maximum range in case of needing to evacuate.
The second bullet is really just a statement of the program versus a benefit. The third bullet on "reducing summer usage during peak" is a natural outcome of higher prices resulting in lower demand and can be achieved without real time pricing.
The fourth bullet works out to less than $5/customer/year in "savings" and in order to get that they will need to buy new equipment that exceeds that amount. My assumption on the $24M cost is that is the IOU expenses to implement the real-time pricing, billing and communication mechanism. A smart thermostat costs around $100 and there is usually an IOU rebate of around $50, so $50 for the customer and $50 for the IOU in year to save $65 over 15 years?
Wholesale energy costs are dictated by supply and demand. California currently tends to have more supply than demand from 9-3 PM thanks to all the solar on the grid. California needs more supply from 4-9 PM.
California curtails a lot of solar energy from 9-3 PM - this is basically free energy that could pull demand away from the peak hours of 4-9 PM with load shifting, if people had the appropriate price signals.
By matching demand with energy availability, this improves the overall efficiency of the system which reduces costs for almost, even if they do not have the ability to shift loads. (OK, people who are able to only use energy during off-peak rates, might see their costs go up since there would be less capacity available, then, so not everyone would necessarily see their costs go down).
No argument on this, there should be super off-peak pricing from 9:00am-3:00pm during the summer to encourage the use of that abundant resource to reduce any curtailment. Most of that would likely be going into batteries (EV, home, utility scale) other industrial type usage I think is more difficult to time shift.
As shown above, I don't agree with your assessment here. The effect of this is not the same as NEM opponents who say that NEM shifts costs to non-NEM customers. In fact, it's the opposite. Yeah - people with the ability to shift loads will benefit the most, but overall costs should come down.
Energy generation costs range from 29.6%-45.5% of the full price across the PG&E E-TOU-C, E-TOU-D, and EV-2A tariffs with 54.5%-70.4% in transmission and distribution. Since, most of the touted benefits are for grid reliability I would expect to see that as the main knob that is being adjusted. When customers with solar+ESS and/or smart real-time HVAC, EV and appliances stay off the grid during the spikes resulting in less revenue to the IOUs I expect to see the shills come out of the woodwork. The fourth bullet point first sub-bullet says "
may advance energy equity by creating bill savings for customers of all incomes" and if/when that doesn't happen fingers will be pointed.
My local water utility added a "water revenue stabilization fee" in August because of the water reductions that we have all been asked/required to implemented due to the drought. If water sales are reduced by 10% it is $0.32/unit, 15% is $0.51/unit, 20% is $0.72/unit, 25% is $0.96/unit and 30% is $1.23/unit. The first month was at the 10% level, the 2nd and 3rd month has been at the 15% level. The IOUs are making the same argument for needing to increase rates due to solar and energy savings reducing their revenue.
Smoothing sudden spikes are easily handled by randomizing the start time a bit. The original Chevy Volt did this, and I'm not sure why other manufacturers didn't do the same thing. Another algorithm would be take your available usage window and spread out the demand over the time period. Not a hard problem to solve.
Agreed that this is easy enough to implement, but I think it is better when it is top down controlled versus relying on end points attempting to do this individually and indendently.