Welcome to Tesla Motors Club
Discuss Tesla's Model S, Model 3, Model X, Model Y, Cybertruck, Roadster and More.
Register

Range Loss Over Time, What Can Be Expected, Efficiency, How to Maintain Battery Health

This site may earn commission on affiliate links.
I used to think the same, but now I've driven 35k miles I can see the variations of the range and can correlate the events leading to them.
The best explanation I found was this.
The range is calculated by the battery management system (BMS), it uses information from each charge session to estimate what range that works out to. But as we rarely charge to 100% it has to extrapolate based on the charges you do perform.
Its a bit like figuring out how big a gas tank is, but only using the amount of the last 10 fill ups with none of them being more than 30% of the total capacity.
So if you have lots of small charge sessions it really skews the numbers.

I saw that when I left my car at the airport where they would plug and unplug based on the number of other EVs. Lots of 2-3% charging sessions and my range dropped 5 miles.
Last week I did a series of 120-150 mile drives and charged back to 80% - my range has been creeping up and is now back up to 304.

Yeah, I definitely think it holds weight. I've seen slight decreases in rated miles when charging more frequently for smaller outings, and then saw some increases letting the car sit at lower SoC before charging back to 90%.
 
I used to think the same, but now I've driven 35k miles I can see the variations of the range and can correlate the events leading to them.
The best explanation I found was this.
The range is calculated by the battery management system (BMS), it uses information from each charge session to estimate what range that works out to. But as we rarely charge to 100% it has to extrapolate based on the charges you do perform.
Its a bit like figuring out how big a gas tank is, but only using the amount of the last 10 fill ups with none of them being more than 30% of the total capacity.
So if you have lots of small charge sessions it really skews the numbers.

I saw that when I left my car at the airport where they would plug and unplug based on the number of other EVs. Lots of 2-3% charging sessions and my range dropped 5 miles.
Last week I did a series of 120-150 mile drives and charged back to 80% - my range has been creeping up and is now back up to 304.
Commonly spread misconception. It’s not even close to that.

A BMS is not blind, the current voltage when parked, driving and voltage “sag” combined with measured imbalance says more then enough.

A tesla BMS, combined with known (current) cel voltage says alot about the real current useable capacity and is easily capable of knowing useable capacity at almost all times.

If you have ScanMyTesla, you will see the BMS is never off (much) and can always almost tell exact capacity close to 0.1kWh accurately.
 
  • Funny
  • Like
Reactions: Zoomit and camalaio
Not sure if this is the place to post this but I'm a bit confused. I understand that the car will lose range when not in use whether it's from phantom drain or sentry mode or any other number of factors. I just took a road trip and on my LR RWD 3 averaged 215 Wh/mi on my first leg. Full charge showed an estimate of 300 miles and after driving 241 miles I had 17 miles remaining. Now, if I had gotten 236 Wh/mi (which is the EPA estimate) then after 241 miles I should have had roughly 59 miles remaining, but I used 10% less energy than what the EPA rating is based off of. So shouldn't I have had something more like 300-217 (which is 241*90% of the EPA Wh/mi used) or 83 miles remaining?
I left at 100% and arrived with 17 miles or just shy of 8% with no stops in between and great Wh/mi. So what am I missing? Car said I had used 60 kWh of 75 kWh battery. 241 miles/60 kWh is about 4 miles per kWh. Again, 11-15 kWh remaining depending on if you count the buffer or not should leave me with 44-60 miles of range left IF I had been at the EPA 236 Wh/mi but again I was only using about 90% of that. Even using 90% of the EPA calculation I would only have made it about 260 miles. How is anyone supposed to get anywhere near the 300+ miles?
Does the 3 not account for HVAC system in the energy usage card? I know our last S did, but I'm starting to wonder if that part of it? Any info would be appreciated.
 
Not sure if this is the place to post this but I'm a bit confused. I understand that the car will lose range when not in use whether it's from phantom drain or sentry mode or any other number of factors. I just took a road trip and on my LR RWD 3 averaged 215 Wh/mi on my first leg. Full charge showed an estimate of 300 miles and after driving 241 miles I had 17 miles remaining. Now, if I had gotten 236 Wh/mi (which is the EPA estimate) then after 241 miles I should have had roughly 59 miles remaining, but I used 10% less energy than what the EPA rating is based off of. So shouldn't I have had something more like 300-217 (which is 241*90% of the EPA Wh/mi used) or 83 miles remaining?
I left at 100% and arrived with 17 miles or just shy of 8% with no stops in between and great Wh/mi. So what am I missing? Car said I had used 60 kWh of 75 kWh battery. 241 miles/60 kWh is about 4 miles per kWh. Again, 11-15 kWh remaining depending on if you count the buffer or not should leave me with 44-60 miles of range left IF I had been at the EPA 236 Wh/mi but again I was only using about 90% of that. Even using 90% of the EPA calculation I would only have made it about 260 miles. How is anyone supposed to get anywhere near the 300+ miles?
Does the 3 not account for HVAC system in the energy usage card? I know our last S did, but I'm starting to wonder if that part of it? Any info would be appreciated.

Something doesn't make sense with your numbers (like, something is missing). But note that the "rated" efficiency for your car would be 223Wh/mi to my understanding, not 236 (there's some caveats to this, read here for far more info on the weirdness of 2018/2019 behaviour: 2020, 2019, 2018 Model 3 Battery Capacities & Charging Constants).

To get a non-rounded "used" amount instead of just 60kWh, multiply the Wh/mi by the range. This is 51815Wh, or about 51.8kWh.

And here indicates the first issue: 60kWh is very far away from 51.8kWh, not just rounded. You have numbers that don't agree with each other. Are you sure you haven't mixed the "since last charge" and "this session" (topmost) meters? Or some other trip meters? The "this session" one would reset if you parked and opened the driver's door.

300mi @ 100% suggests you have a usable battery capacity of 66.9kWh, which is honestly lower than I'd expect (but I'm not sure how many miles are on the odometer, among other factors). It does however make sense that 8% was left if you used roughly 60kWh after starting at 100%, so I'm inclined to believe you did in fact use about 60kWh. It also gives credibility to you saying you drove mostly straight there, since all energy in the car is accounted for except for some very negligible things, but only while driving.

The only way this situation makes sense to me is if the portion you got that was 51.8kWh (241mi @ 215Wh/mi) was a portion of the trip, which can easily happen by accident if you made literally any stop and looked at the first meter (e.g. stop to throw something in a garbage can, wash windshield, put in park and checked your tires, etc.).
 
Something doesn't make sense with your numbers (like, something is missing). But note that the "rated" efficiency for your car would be 223Wh/mi to my understanding, not 236 (there's some caveats to this, read here for far more info on the weirdness of 2018/2019 behaviour: 2020, 2019, 2018 Model 3 Battery Capacities & Charging Constants).

To get a non-rounded "used" amount instead of just 60kWh, multiply the Wh/mi by the range. This is 51815Wh, or about 51.8kWh.

And here indicates the first issue: 60kWh is very far away from 51.8kWh, not just rounded. You have numbers that don't agree with each other. Are you sure you haven't mixed the "since last charge" and "this session" (topmost) meters? Or some other trip meters? The "this session" one would reset if you parked and opened the driver's door.

300mi @ 100% suggests you have a usable battery capacity of 66.9kWh, which is honestly lower than I'd expect (but I'm not sure how many miles are on the odometer, among other factors). It does however make sense that 8% was left if you used roughly 60kWh after starting at 100%, so I'm inclined to believe you did in fact use about 60kWh. It also gives credibility to you saying you drove mostly straight there, since all energy in the car is accounted for except for some very negligible things, but only while driving.

The only way this situation makes sense to me is if the portion you got that was 51.8kWh (241mi @ 215Wh/mi) was a portion of the trip, which can easily happen by accident if you made literally any stop and looked at the first meter (e.g. stop to throw something in a garbage can, wash windshield, put in park and checked your tires, etc.).
Thanks for that link, I'll have to look into that. I was under the impression it was 236, so that's some good info.

I'm pretty sure I used the "since last charge". I stopped one time about a mile in to adjust something in the back of the car and then the rest of the drive was all done in one go, without stopping or opening the door or anything. Could 1 mile in make that big of a difference? I can't imagine it would?

300 @ 100% is what my car has show for a while. Currently at 39k miles and has shown 300 since about 30k miles. Before that it showed about 308 but then suddenly dropped and hasn't come back.

What things are not accounted for? HVAC is, correct?

Anyways, thank you so much for your help so far. It gives me things to look at and make sure of last time, but I'm 99% sure that I was looking at the "since last charge screen" and didn't make other stops other than that first one I mentioned.
 
Thanks for that link, I'll have to look into that. I was under the impression it was 236, so that's some good info.

I'm pretty sure I used the "since last charge". I stopped one time about a mile in to adjust something in the back of the car and then the rest of the drive was all done in one go, without stopping or opening the door or anything. Could 1 mile in make that big of a difference? I can't imagine it would?

300 @ 100% is what my car has show for a while. Currently at 39k miles and has shown 300 since about 30k miles. Before that it showed about 308 but then suddenly dropped and hasn't come back.

What things are not accounted for? HVAC is, correct?

Anyways, thank you so much for your help so far. It gives me things to look at and make sure of last time, but I'm 99% sure that I was looking at the "since last charge screen" and didn't make other stops other than that first one I mentioned.

Did you drive straight up a steep hill for that one mile while blasting the AC? :p

So honestly, I don't know. But the fact that 241 miles @ 215Wh/mi isn't even close to 60kWh means something wasn't taken right, unfortunately. Of course there could be some weird issue I'm either not thinking of or I'm not aware of. Does 241 miles actually make sense for your route if you plot it on Google Maps?

HVAC is accounted for. The main thing I can think of that isn't is net loss in the 12V battery's available capacity during the drive. Since it tries to take care of it (but may still charge it more after parking, briefly), this is in the range of a few dozen watt-hours at most. Super super negligible and I wouldn't even mention it normally, but I'm trying to avoid the "well actually" comments :)

Side note: I do this all the time, everyone I know does as well, no shame in it. Instead of 215Wh/mi, was it perhaps actually 251Wh/mi? Mixed up number placement? Because that would be 60.491kWh, which would round down to 60kWh on the display, and agree with all the other numbers you posted.
 
Did you drive straight up a steep hill for that one mile while blasting the AC? :p

So honestly, I don't know. But the fact that 241 miles @ 215Wh/mi isn't even close to 60kWh means something wasn't taken right, unfortunately. Of course there could be some weird issue I'm either not thinking of or I'm not aware of. Does 241 miles actually make sense for your route if you plot it on Google Maps?

HVAC is accounted for. The main thing I can think of that isn't is net loss in the 12V battery's available capacity during the drive. Since it tries to take care of it (but may still charge it more after parking, briefly), this is in the range of a few dozen watt-hours at most. Super super negligible and I wouldn't even mention it normally, but I'm trying to avoid the "well actually" comments :)

Side note: I do this all the time, everyone I know does as well, no shame in it. Instead of 215Wh/mi, was it perhaps actually 251Wh/mi? Mixed up number placement? Because that would be 60.491kWh, which would round down to 60kWh on the display, and agree with all the other numbers you posted.
Nah, it was flat. :)

So I put it in google maps and it's showing 251 miles... so I'm guessing I was looking at the wrong card and now I feel like an idiot. Still doesn't fully make sense as the first part is still fairly flat. I won't give exact address but the trip was from Donnelly Idaho to Burley Idaho Supercharger. So maybe I fat fingered the 251 instead of 241 or just was looking at the wrong card.

Honestly that would make more sense now that you mention it. I drove from Kemmerer, Wyoming to Burley SuC on one charge and that was 244.7 miles at 235 Wh/mi with no stops used 57 kWh. Left with 90% charge if I remember correctly (I don't have a photo of it) and arrive with 9 miles left or 3% which 90% of 66.9 kWh usable is 60 kWh, 3 remaining/9 miles makes perfect sense.

Thanks for your input/help. I will learn for the next time and for now I will hang my head in shame. :oops: haha
 
2018 AWD; delivered Sept 2018; 18" wheels with caps on.

With approximately 25,000 miles, I'm getting 270 miles when I slide the bar to 100%.

I charge each day (50A) to 80-82%, and have only taken 2 road trips when I used superchargers.

I made an appointment with Tesla service. I do fit into the date range for SB-19-16-009 (Replace High Voltage (HV) Battery).

My car was around the same date and currently has same mileage and capacity. I will be interested to see if you have any luck.
 
I'm starting to wonder what kind of a brand Tesla wants to be. I've complained about range loss, and got the same "canned" response as you all: "Its within spec, nothing we can do." After I took my wife's BMW in for service Saturday, had a stark does of the other side. They absolutely bend over backwards to make it right. On a previous occasion, I had them swap a nav system because the bluetooth connetion was flaky.

Now when friends ask about my Tesla, I say its fun to drive and all, but I dunno about the longevity. Even if we dip below that 70% capacity, its my understanding you get a remanufactured pack that not even close to a new one.
 
  • Like
Reactions: mrgoogle
2018 AWD; delivered Sept 2018; 18" wheels with caps on.

With approximately 25,000 miles, I'm getting 270 miles when I slide the bar to 100%.

I charge each day (50A) to 80-82%, and have only taken 2 road trips when I used superchargers.

I made an appointment with Tesla service. I do fit into the date range for SB-19-16-009 (Replace High Voltage (HV) Battery).

Same delivery date here and amazingly similar degradation also. I'm just around 278 miles at 100% however I have 50k miles. I also asked my local service center about several battery related TSB's but they gave me a speech on how my battery is within spec and how my car does not qualify for the TSB's. If you have any luck, Please post here so I can have some ammo when I ask them again. Good luck to you
 
  • Informative
Reactions: mrgoogle