4. The supercharger system isn't an advantage. Tesla will have to share them with other BEV companies or the consorteum building charging stations in Europe won't let Tesla customers use their network. Once people start charging for charging (ha ha) you can expect third party charging stations to appear everywhere (like those ATMs you find in convince stores).
There is no money in DCFC. It isn't a business in itself and 3rd party DC charging stations and EVSE technologies have been a complete waste of money thus far. If you go and analyze the DCFC business as if you were going to go open up 100 or 1,000 charging points, you'll quickly come to realize the issues, most of which are insurmountable even with volume. The number one issue is that the vast majority of charging will be done at home or at level 2 near someone's home at very low rates. Next is the cost of the EVSE's which are quite high outside of Tesla Superchargers relative to their power. You figure out how much utilization rate you must have in combination with per kWh rates and you'll find that it is nearly impossible to make any money.
Tesla builds in the cost of their DCFC network into the vehicles up front and therefore operates the their DCFC network on a completely different business model. Also, no DCFC network will want to exclude Tesla owners since they represent roughly 95% of long distance BEVs on the road and over 50% even in 2020 or 2022. Many of the vehicles that can DCFC don't make regular trips beyond the range of their home/near home AC charging.
This is very different than the gas station model and many people really have a hard time understanding the very real differences and what that means for the business model.
Finally, prospective and existing buyers constantly talk about the Tesla Supercharger advantage. The burden of proof is then on you to negate this.
5. GM has sold more Bolts and Volts than Tesla has cars (at least in the US). Why does anyone think Tesla is miles ahead? There's a lot more to mass production than packing batteries into cars so I wouldn't be so confident that Tesla is ahead of the major car companies in industrial engineering.
Ah, this starts to get to the heart of the EV issues. Prey tell, what motors and what battery cells go into the Volt? How is that different than what goes into a Bolt? How is that different than the batteries and motors that would be necessary for say, an all electric BMW 5/6/7 series or Audi A6/A7/A8? I don't think you know the very real differences between the EV technologies that go into a PHEV like the Volt and a BEV like the Bolt or Model 3/S/X.
In 2016, Tesla sold 28,896 Model S's and 18,233 Model X's in the U.S. according to InsideEV's estimates. That's about 47k and they rank #1 and #3. Chevy sold 29,000 or so Volts, Bolts, Spark EV, and ELR's. That's not even close. YTD in 2017, Tesla sold 11,195 Model S's, 8,945 Model X's which are ranked #1 and #4 for just over 20k. Chevy is at almost 19k. So Tesla is ahead in 2017 too, and that's without any Model 3 volumes. Recognize also the ASP differences as well as the number of kWh shipped.
If GM was able to sell 4x the number of EVs than it does now, does it have the battery supply to do so? The answer is no. The Bolt's battery cells and pack are made in South Korea by LG. LG's Ochang plant has been chronically underutilized and so the Bolt nicely takes up a lot of the extra capacity. But if GM wanted to ship 100,000 Bolt's, they would not be able to do it. The LG expansions in China and Europe are pretty much already spoken for by other customers. The Michigan expansion is pretty small and again, likely taken up by FCA, Ford, and the Volt's expansions.
Therefore, the trajectory of production rate is vastly different between the Tesla and the rest. You can see this in the estimates of when the $7,500 federal tax incentives will start to sunset for the various companies. Thus far, Tesla has sold 131,564 qualifying EVs in the U.S. while GM has sold 133,557. That's pretty even. However, since 2015, Tesla has sold 92,000 and GM has sold 57,000. Tesla's rate of sales is increasing while GM's has stagnated. Tesla is likely to cross the 200,000 threshold to trigger sunset in Q1, 2018. During that quarter and the next, Tesla will likely sell somewhere around 100,000 at full tax credit, or almost as many as they sold in all the years previously. They will then sell even more of that at 50% tax credit. GM is on track to cross that threshold sometime in 2018, likely 2-3 quarters behind Tesla. But their annual rate at that point is still likely anemic at around 30,000 to 40,000 a year.
If you look at a Bolt, it's a heavily modified variant of the Gamma 2 platform. It has some parts commonality where millions of these are built. But if you look at the most expensive parts of the Bolt, you'll see that the costs are amortized over a build rate of ~25,000 annually. That's the battery cells, pack, BMS, motors, infotainment, body controllers, and chargers. None of these are shared with the Volt, Spark EV, CT6, or ELR. None of these enjoy volumes and therefore cost savings of scale befitting one of the largest automotive companies in the world.
6. Tesla has taken a fundamentally different approach to FAV (no lidar) - if they're wrong, they're way behind and the data they've collected isn't worth much.
This is a different discussion. First, Tesla clearly does testing with LIDAR. They don't feel it is worth it (yet). The fundamental path finding and routing algorithms as well as a slew of object recognition has to be done with cameras and not LIDAR. The validation of the various nets with respect to these aspects is worthy of the data collection, even if LIDAR is eventually incorporated into the solution. You do have to look at the LIDARs that are on the market and what they actually provide for ADAS. But this discussion can be very long in itself. Suffice it to say that Tesla is likely in the forefront of ADAS and autonomous driving. Note that Mobileye's REM won't really kick of data collection until the EyeQ4 ships, which is in vehicles in late 2018. Also note what Mobileye has said about the kinds of data they will collect and compare/contrast against what Tesla is collecting with AP2.
7. This is the crux of my problem with the bull case: "Global EV sales in 2050 will almost certainly be over 50 million/year. Tesla could be massively successful with a 2% market share." Great, in 2050 Tesla (base case) is selling 1 million cars a year. That's 10% of the cars that Toyota (market cap $163 billion) is selling today. Why does Tesla deserve a market cap of $54 billion today?
Talking about 2050 is likely too difficult to make a coherent investor's thesis. Looking through to 2020 through to 2030 is probably a more interesting time frame. You have to then break up Tesla into its business units for 2020 through 2030. Patrick Archambault did this while he was at Goldman Sachs in 2014, before the current analyst:
Tesla Motors Inc CEO Elon Musk: Jobs, Ford Or Maytag Repairman?
That was written in 2014 before the transformation with solar and semi as well as the full effects of autonomous driving was considered.
8. This is also a problem: "If they can manufacture a million Model 3s a year, they'll sell them. That's a sure thing." Death and taxes are sure things. Everything else is on a probability scale between 0 and 1. You may think 1,000,000 TM3s sold is 99.999% likely, but you don't even know if it's going to be a good car. What happens to your theory if all the reviews come out, "Meh, nice car, not better than the Chevy Bolt which you can buy today for less money?" I know, genius Musk dreamt up reusable rockets and actually delivered and the Model S is the best car ever built. But even Homer nods.
It's like wondering if the next iPhone will sell. Sure, there is a chance it will disappoint. Sure.