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Range Loss Over Time, What Can Be Expected, Efficiency, How to Maintain Battery Health

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I'm back baby! I'll take it, lol.

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Just installed 2024.2.6 which includes:



Didn't notice anything yet. Wonder if anyone else will.

I wonder if Tesla is going to factor in a baseline calendar aging rate for all cars, which it seems like they may already do for cars with LFP batteries. The displayed range in Teslas with LFP batteries ticks down with alarming consistency over time, so much so that you can guess the age of them to within a few months. I find it hard to believe those batteries are all aging nearly identically and suspect they are using some standard curve as a baseline and adjusting it slightly based on BMS measurements.
 
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I wonder if Tesla is going to factor in a baseline calendar aging rate for all cars, which it seems like they may already do for cars with LFP batteries. The displayed range in Teslas with LFP batteries ticks down with alarming consistency over time, so much so that you can guess the age of them to within a few months. I find it hard to believe those batteries are all aging nearly identically and suspect they are using some standard curve as a baseline and adjusting it slightly based on BMS measurements.
Because of the flat voltage curve in LFP I bet that it's much more difficult for the BMS to reliably get capacity measurements, and a generic aging curve might be more accurate on average.
 
I wonder if Tesla is going to factor in a baseline calendar aging rate for all cars, which it seems like they may already do for cars with LFP batteries. The displayed range in Teslas with LFP batteries ticks down with alarming consistency over time, so much so that you can guess the age of them to within a few months. I find it hard to believe those batteries are all aging nearly identically and suspect they are using some standard curve as a baseline and adjusting it slightly based on BMS measurements.
At least for other batteries than LFP’s the BMS can measure the capacity.
So using a fixed calendar aging will not give any gain from using a fixed formula.
 
Because of the flat voltage curve in LFP I bet that it's much more difficult for the BMS to reliably get capacity measurements, and a generic aging curve might be more accurate on average.

If the LFP battery regularly gets charged to 100% and gets down to under ~15% or so (when the voltage curve is less flat), the BMS may be better able to measure capacity.

But there may be many cars that rarely get discharged low enough for that.
 
I wonder whether it now includes effect of internal resistance increasing over time or something. But it seems like that would have already been accounted for too. (But maybe not! Sometimes the heat losses don’t all seem to be counted…it’s unclear to me how much of the mismatch of energy drawn from the battery, per the trip meter, vs. the delta in rated miles use, is due to heat loss…or is all of it?)

I don’t like the term “estimated battery range” used, because the estimated battery energy display does not have units of range. It’s energy.

So it’s confusing. It makes me not sure if they are referring to that display or the energy app calculations!
 
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But the question remains… what the hell is this update changing? Lots of news articles saying Tesla displayed range now accounts for battery age, but it already did. Hasn’t it always?
Didn't you answer this questions yourself?
I wonder if Tesla is going to factor in a baseline calendar aging rate for all cars, which it seems like they may already do for cars with LFP batteries.
As far as anyone knows, age is not a currently used to estimate degradation. That job is handled by the BMS measuring electrical properties of the battery. However, it is clearly ideal to anchor battery degradation on age because that is the primary degradation that drivers will see. Esp. with the proliferation of low-usage drivers who only cycle between 70-80% (or similar), there is no way for the BMS to know total capacity either LFP or ternary cathode chemistry.
 
I was thinking it was neither the battery icon range or the energy app range. I was thinking it was the trip computer calc range when you enter a navigation destination. There were updates last year that said it would start to account for temp, wind, humidity, elevation etc. So my thought was that the trip computer now will add degradation into it. Seems like maybe BMS and trip computer calc never shared this info?

With all my long distance trips, I think the trip computer does good job with final SoC estimation at destination. Well see what it does.
 
With all my long distance trips, I think the trip computer does good job with final SoC estimation at destination.

On a long trip last summer, I saw the trip computer estimate have some significant errors in both directions (on the order of up to 10%). This could be significant if you plan to arrive at a Supercharger or your destination at a low state of charge.
 
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On a long trip last summer, I saw the trip computer estimate have some significant errors in both directions (on the order of up to 10%). This could be significant if you plan to arrive at a Supercharger or your destination at a low state of charge.
I think I have about 5% degradation on the vehicle. If you are seeing up to 10% difference, then maybe that is your degradation that isn’t being accounted for upfront? And will be now?

Also, When you say 10% do you mean in absolute or as a ratio of final SoC? Both 10% vs 20% SoC and 9% vs 10% SoC are 10% “difference” and just trying to understand which you meant.

For me if driving 200+ miles to next supercharger, I end up about 2-3% Absolute SoC difference. Like nav will say 17% at initial trip start and I arrive with 14% instead.
 
When you say 10% do you mean in absolute or as a ratio of final SoC? Both 10% vs 20% SoC and 9% vs 10% SoC are 10% “difference” and just trying to understand which you meant.

In absolute terms. On a ~700 mile trip home, I had a planned Supercharger stop initially estimated at around 15%, but got there at around 6%. But on the final leg home, I Supercharged enough so that the estimate was to arrive home at around 10%, but actually got home at around 20%.

Note that this was Supercharging to about 50-60% for the fastest trip.
 
To continue the low SOC end discussion:

This is a picture from a very good research report Panasonic NCA calendar+cyclic aging. It was released 2017.
View attachment 875184

All cycles ended at 2.5V/ cell. Thats the manufacturers (Panasonic NCR18650PD) lower limit of discharge, which also by definition is 0% SOC.
( And as Tesla use 4.5% bottom buffer this is way below the 0% on the screen and below the limit where Tesla shut down the vehicle because of low SOC.)
Note that this is 4.5% below 0% displayed, and well in the region which people call dangerous

4.20V is 100%
4.10V is about 90%
4.00V is about 80%

My car has an average consumption of 184 Wh/km. One Full Cycle Equivalent would take my car 82000/184 = 445km.

According to the chart above, with 0.5/0.7A which is the closest C-rates to real driving, it would do 625 FCE Cycles, 278.625 km before reaching 20% degradation. This if charged to 100% and driving until the car stops, every time.

If charged to 4.1V/cell (~90%) it would do 800 cycles, or 356.000km. Driven down until it stopped, each time.

If charged to 4.0V/cell it would do 1000 FCE cycles, or 445.000km. Driven down 4.5% below 0% displayed, until the car stops in the ”very dangerous SOC region below 20%”. ( <—- Note, a joke!)

Except for the obvious fact that we can see: low SOC is safe, we also can se that it is the high SOC part that kill the battery despite the misleading name ”deep cycle”.
The deadly part of the deep cycle is in the top.
By not using the top 0.1V/cell or about 90-100% region, we increase the battery life by 25%, in miles.
By not using the top 0.2V/cell or about 80-100% we increase the life 60%, in miles driven.

I guess its clear that a battery that can do 445.000km/ 276000 miles of constant cycling down to 0% is not very badly hurt by this: Cycling (and storing) NCA down to 0% is very safe.

The research report I refer to in this post (link in the beginning) is not the only research report that shows these facts.
There is a lot of reports telling the same thing, this one is a very good read though.
It covers calendar aging as well, cycling cold or hot bstteries etc so if you shpuld read only one report that specifically covers NCA, this is one of these reports.
Thanks for this. Does this refer to charging before a trip or leaving a car sitting? In other words, if I charge to 80% before a road trip, or when I'm going to be out running errands all day, will that quicken my degradation?