Note that federal law requires all vehicles to pass a 30-mph frontal crash test before they can be sold in the United States. The separate NCAP frontal crash tests are performed at 35 mph to make differences between vehicles more apparent. The full-width crash test maximizes energy absorption of the entire frontal car structure and illustrates the accompanying stresses on the vehicle's passenger restraints.
The government, which typically picks out and pays for its crash test vehicles at new-car dealer lots, has a "fixed budget" for testing and thus can't perform NCAP tests on every vehicle, NHTSA spokesman Tim Hurd said. So, the agency seeks to select vehicles that are new to the market, substantially redesigned, likely to be popular with consumers and/or equipped with new safety features. However, if an automaker is eager for one of its vehicles to be tested or re-tested by NHTSA, it is acceptable for the company to pay for the vehicle that the agency crash tests, Hurd said.