There is quite a bit they could do that is not incentive related - essentially policy changes that remove some of the hurdles and barriers to people buying EVs.
The ALP has promised that government fleets will need to be 50% EV by 2025. That is quite ambitious, although if the mooted price parity happens by then (and most analysis suggest it is around that timeframe) then it should not be a hit to the budget. That in itself will provide a base level of demand that manufacturers will need to respond to, which should improve the availability and range of EV models here. The other thing it will do of course is stimulate the demand for charging networks - therefore partly breaking the chicken and egg problem.
The ALP has also promised to gradually tighten vehicle emissions standards (like just about every other advanced country has done). This is an indirect carbon tax which should rightly be applied, but its also about reducing fossil fuel demand and more efficient vehicles will be cheaper to run so the punters save on fuel costs. And we can breathe cleaner air over time (hopefully).
There’s lots of other policy related steps that could be taken to remove adoption barriers. One is to require local councils and state governments to change planning policies so that multi-dwelling unit owners have the right to install charging infrastructure in their dedicated car space without requiring OC permission, another is to mandate that all new multi-dwelling units must make provisions for EV chargers to be installed in all car spaces and must also provide a number of dedicated EV charging bays independently of this. Another is to require councils to have policies in place to provide charging infrastructure for homeowners who do not have off-street parking. A solution is a charger installed on an existing power pole outside or near the owners’ home, with appropriate EV charging only parking restriction signs installed similar to what happens when someone with a disability sticker applies for signed parking outside their home.
Broadly I think these sorts of things are more effective at increasing adoption because they remove mental and practical barriers, and they “normalise” EV charging. Price incentives are often problematic because they cost governments real money and always stimulate arguments about taxpayer subsidies (and often weaponise the arguments of the anti-EV brigade), and trigger debates as to who should and should not benefit from them, and where various lines should be drawn.